Plutarch on the Delay of the Divine JusticePlutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch on the Delay of the Divine Justice
Plutarch
Punishment -- Early works to 1800
[33:1] Glaucus, a Lacedaemonian, had a high reputation for integrity,
and on the ground of it received from a foreigner a deposit of a large
sum of money. When the owner’s sons claimed the deposit, he disclaimed
all knowledge of it. But a threat of the Delphian oracle led him to
make restitution afterward. Nevertheless the threat took effect, and he
and his whole family perished.
[33:2] In this section Timon seems to cite indiscriminately the cases
of delayed or protracted punishment by men which are confessedly
foolish or wicked, and alleged instances of delayed punishment on the
part of the gods. The _gravamen_ of the objection is, “How can that
be just or right for the gods to do, which when men do they encounter
either ridicule or condemnation?”
[34:1] That Aesop was killed by the Delphians for the cause here stated
there seems to be no doubt; nor yet that Idmon, a descendant of the man
of the same name who had owned and emancipated Aesop, received a large
sum of money from the Delphians by way of expiation for their crime,
to which they had probably in the mean time ascribed every bad harvest
and every epidemic. It must be remembered that, before the rotation
of crops became the habit of agriculturists, bad harvests were very
frequent, and that, in the absence of sanitary rules and precautions,
dangerous epidemics prevailed at short intervals in all the cities of
the old world. It was not unnatural that these calamities should have
been regarded as retributive judgments where a gross crime had been
committed.
[34:2] A _mina_ was about the metallic equivalent of twenty dollars,
but of course with a much larger purchasing power.
[35:1] A small town in Central Asia, built by the Branchidae, who were
priests and custodians of the temple of Apollo Didymeus in an Ionian
city bearing their name, near Miletus. The temple was burned by Darius,
was rebuilt, and was burned again by Xerxes, on his retreat from
Greece. The priests surrendered the treasures under their charge to
Xerxes, followed him in his flight to escape punishment for sacrilege,
and built the town which Alexander destroyed. His alleged motive for
his cruel treatment of the Branchidae was revenge for the sacrilege and
treason of their ancestors.
[36:1] It was at Scheria, according to Homer, that Odysseus was kindly
received by Nausicaa, entertained sumptuously by King Alcinous, her
father, and provided with the ship on board of which he reached Ithaca.
The inhabitants of Corcyra maintained that their island was the Homeric
Scheria, which very probably never existed except in the poet’s brain.
[36:2] Polyphemus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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