Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 1 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
17. And in sum, it is necessary to restrain young men from the
conversation of debauched persons, lest they take infection from their
evil examples. This was taught by Pythagoras in certain enigmatical
sentences, which I shall here relate and expound, as being greatly
useful to further virtuous inclinations. Such are these. Taste not of
fish that have black tails; that is, converse not with men that are
smutted with vicious qualities. Stride not over the beam of the scales;
wherein he teacheth us the regard we ought to have for justice, so as
not to go beyond its measures. Sit not on a choenix; wherein he forbids
sloth, and requires us to take care to provide ourselves with the
necessaries of life. Do not strike hands with every man; he means we
ought not to be over hasty to make acquaintances or friendships with
others. Wear not a tight ring; that is, we are to labor after a free
and independent way of living, and to submit to no fetters. Stir not
up the fire with a sword; signifying that we ought not to provoke a
man more when he is angry already (since this is a most unseemly act),
but we should rather comply with him while his passion is in its heat.
Eat not thy heart; which forbids to afflict our souls, and waste them
with vexatious cares. Abstain from beans; that is, keep out of public
offices, for anciently the choice of the officers of state was made by
beans. Put not food in a chamber-pot; wherein he declares that elegant
discourse ought not to be put into an impure mind; for discourse is the
food of the mind, which is rendered unclean by the foulness of the man
who receives it. When men are arrived at the goal, they should not turn
back; that is, those who are near the end of their days, and see the
period of their lives approaching, ought to entertain it contentedly,
and not to be grieved at it.
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