The scalp is next loosened anteriorly by means of the hands, using the tip of the cartilage-knife occasionally to nick the fascia and thus facilitate the working forward of the anterior flap until it has been loosened as far as the supraorbital ridges anteriorly and down to the level of the beginning and ending of the incision made across the vertex. When sufficiently loosened the anterior scalp-flap is turned over the face, and stretched over the chin, where it will remain, out of the way, and with both face and hair protected. The posterior flap of the scalp is then worked back to the same level at the sides and to the lower border of the occipital protuberance posteriorly. It is then turned under between the back of the neck and the wooden block. In stripping the scalp the greatest care should be taken not to cut or tear off the periosteum. Scars, tumors, adhesions, traumatic lesions, etc., in the scalp should be carefully worked out and described as the flaps are loosened. The convex margin of the fascia of the temporal muscles is now cut with the point of the cartilage-knife and the muscles are stripped down on both sides to the level of the folded-over scalp-flaps, where they are either left hanging down out of the way or are cut off and laid aside. If they cannot be easily stripped down, they may be scraped off with the chisel. Some prosectors remove them at the same time with the scalp, but this is usually not well done. The skull now should be bare, except for the periosteum, down to the level of a line passing just above the upper margin of the orbits anteriorly, at the sides just above the aural opening, and posteriorly just below the occipital protuberance. The periosteum is next removed over the entire cranial surface by means of the chisel, bone-scraper or dull knife. In medicolegal cases particularly it is of the greatest importance that the periosteum be removed in this way and the surface of the skull-cap carefully examined. In ordinary cases the periosteum is often left attached to the skull-cap when the external examination shows no pathologic conditions to be present.