[33\1: Aristonikos on ~Ps~ 104: ~hê diplê= ho/ti ta\s tô=n ata/phôn psucha\s Ho/mêros e/ti sôzou/sas tê\n phro/nêsin hupoti/thetai~. (Rather too systematically put by Porph. ap. Stob., _Ecl._ i, p. 422, 20 ff., 425, 25 ff. W.) Elpenor is the first to approach Odysseus' sacrificial trench ~ou ga/r pô ete/thapto~, ~l~ 52. His ~psuchê/~ had not yet been received into Hades (_Rh. Mus._ 1, 615). Achilles' treatment of the body of Hektor shows that he thought of his enemy (because he was still unburied) as being able to feel what was done to him: lacerari eum et sentire credo putat, Cic., _TD._ i, 105.] [34\1: Plin. vii, 187, explains the change among the Romans from burial to cremation as being due to the fear that in times of war and disturbance the dead might be deprived of their rest. If a man dies in war time, i.e. during a period of temporary nomadism, his body is burnt, but a limb (sometimes the head) is cut off to be taken home and buried ad quod servatum iusta fierent, Paul. Festi, 148, 11; Varro, _LL._ v, 23; Cic., _Lg._ ii, 55, 60. The same custom is found among certain German tribes: see Weinhold, _Sitzb. Wien. Ac._ xxix, 156; xxx, 208. Even among the negroes of Guinea and the South American Indians practices resembling the _os resectum_ of the Romans are found in the case of those who die in war in foreign country; cf. Klemm, _Culturg._ iii, 297; ii, 98 f. In every case burial is regarded as the ancient and traditional mode of disposing of the dead, and the one strictly required on religious grounds.] [35\1: Only once is there any mention of taking home the burnt bones, ~Ê~ 334 f. Aristarch. rightly recognized this as being in conflict with the normal conceptions and practice of Homer and regarded the lines as the composition of a later poet (Sch. A ad loc. and on ~D~ 174; Sch. EMQ., ~g~ 109). The lines may have been inserted to account for the absence from the Troad of such enormous grave-mounds as the burial of the ashes of both armies should have produced. The same reason--the desire expressed in these lines to bring back those who have died in a foreign country to their own land at last--is implied as the origin of cremation in the illustrative story of Herakles and Argeios, the son of Likymnios, in the ~histori/a~ (derived from Andron) of Sch. A on ~A~ 52.] [36\1: _Kl. Schr._ ii, 216, 220.] [37\1: It would apply better to Roman beliefs; cf. Vg., _A._ iv, 698-9--though even that means something else. (Cf. also Oldenberg, _Rel. d. Veda_, 585, 2.)] [38\1: Cf. esp. ~Ps~ 75-6, ~l~ 218-22.]