But in each committee it is the direct representatives of the public who decide points of policy and settle the main outlines of administration. There is growing up a tendency to appoint local advisory committees, consisting of special groups representing professional or trade interests. Thus a medical committee may be consulted on medical proposals, and so on. This is still in the experimental stage. It will probably prove permanently useful, as voicing the occupational aspect of any proposed work of the municipality; but it will need to be kept to its strictly consultative limitations, and the responsibility of the Council as representing the combined wisdom or unwisdom of the entire community must be maintained. All substitutes for government of the people by the representatives of the whole population are open to objection. They do not contain within them the elements of permanence. If there is a corrupt council, the remedy is not its supersession by an independent executive. Such an executive is the abrogation of popular government. “Good and efficient government is possible under almost any form of organization. More depends upon men than devices.... But ... if we believe that the functions of deliberation or determination of municipal policy and of administration or the execution or carrying out of that policy should be kept distinct, we cannot avoid the conclusion that a city council is a necessary part of the municipal organization.”[8] Each committee of the local Council is advised by the County Clerk or Town Clerk on legal and administrative matters; and the medical officer of health and other expert officers, like the legal adviser, in nearly every instance, hold office during good behaviour. Under the above arrangements the elected members and the officials are kept in touch with each other. The latter’s recommendations and actual work must be approved by the former; and this works well under the system of determination of policy by committees, subject to confirmation and control by the entire Council. The motive power is public opinion. Good work cannot for any prolonged period go beyond what the public demand, and the work of officials is one of constant education of their masters and of the public. _The Training and Tenure of Office of Health Officers_