Great Britain -- History -- Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1649-1660 -- Sources; Great Britain -- History -- Early Stuarts, 1603-1649 -- Sources
_Commissary Ireton._ Give me leave to tell you, that if you make
this the rule I think you must fly for refuge to an absolute natural
Right, and you must deny all Civil Right.... For my part I think
it is no right at all. I think that no person hath a right to an
interest or share in the disposing or determining of the affairs of
the Kingdom, and in choosing those that shall determine what laws we
shall be ruled by here, no person hath a right to this that hath not
a permanent fixed interest in this Kingdom.... We talk of birthright.
Truly by birthright there is thus much claim. Men may justly have by
birthright, by their very being born in England, that we shall not
seclude them out of England, that we shall not refuse to give them
air and place and ground and the freedom of the highways and other
things, to live amongst us.... That I think is due to a man by birth.
But that by a man's being born here he shall have a share in that
power that shall dispose of the lands here, and of all things here,
I do not think it a sufficient ground. I am sure if we look upon ...
that which is most radical and fundamental and which if you take
away there is no man hath any land, any goods, any civil interest,
that is this; that those that choose the representors for the making
of laws by which this state and kingdom are to be governed, are the
persons who taken together do comprehend the local interest of this
kingdom: that is, the persons in whom all land lies, and those in
Corporations in whom all trading lies....
_Rainborough._ Truly, Sir, I am of the same opinion I was; and am
resolved to keep it till I know reason why I should not. I do think
the main cause why Almighty God gave men reason, it was, that they
should make use of that reason. Half a loaf is better than none if a
man be an hungry, yet I think there is nothing that God hath given a
man that any else can take from him. I do not find anything in the
law of God, that a Lord shall choose 20 burgesses and a gentleman
but two, and a poor man shall choose none. But I do find that all
Englishmen must be subject to English laws, and I do verily believe
that there is no man but will say that the foundation of all law lies
in the people....
_Ireton._ I wish we may all consider of what right you will
challenge, that all people should have right to elections. Is it by
the right of nature? By that same right of nature by which you can
say one man hath an equal right with another to the choosing of him
that shall govern him--by the same right of nature, he hath an equal
right in any goods he sees; meat, drink, clothes, to take and use
them for his sustenance. He hath a freedom to the land, to exercise
it, till it; he hath the same freedom to anything that anyone doth
account himself to have any property in.... Since you cannot plead it
by anything but the law of nature, I would fain have any man show me
their bounds, where you will end, and why you should not take away
all property?
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