Those who are unwilling to partake of the table (_d_) [i.e. meat] and wine of the king, that they may not be defiled, surely would never consent to learn that which was unlawful if they knew that (_e_) the wisdom and learning of the Babylonians was sinful. They learn, however, not that they may conform thereto, but that they may judge and convict. For example, if any one ignorant of mathematics should wish to write against the mathematicians, he would expose himself to ridicule; also in contending against the philosophers, if he should be ignorant of the dogmas of the philosophers. With this intent therefore they would learn the wisdom of the Chaldeans just as Moses had learned all the wisdom of the Egyptians. So too: If ever we are compelled to call to mind profane literature, and from it to learn things we before had omitted, it is not a matter of our personal desire, but, so to speak, of the weightiest necessity,--in order that we may prove that those events which were foretold (_f_) many ages ago by the holy prophets are contained (_g_) in the writings of the Greeks, as well as in those of the Latins and other Gentiles. So, too, from the synod of Pope Eugene: =Bishops should appoint teachers and instructors in suitable places.=[Y] The report has come to us with regard to certain regions that neither teachers, nor care for the pursuit of letters, is found. Therefore, in every way, care and diligence should be used by all the bishops among the peoples subject to them, and in other places where the necessity may arise, that teachers and instructors be appointed to teach assiduously the pursuit of letters and the principles of the liberal arts, because in them especially are the divine commands revealed and declared. Likewise Augustine in his book against the Manichaeans: =The vanity of the gentiles is repressed and refuted by the use of their own authorities.= If the Sibyl or Orpheus or other soothsayers of the gentiles, (_d_) Daniel, Ananias, Misael[Z], Azarias.[AA] For it is disgraceful for one who is in a discussion not to know the law in question.