The whole man _is_ what in his ordinary state he only tends to be; he has realised the highest perfection of which he is capable; only his 'best self' now remains; his lower self has been left behind without need of the purgatorial fire of contention with the environment to destroy it."--T. Whittaker, _Essays and Notices, Psychological and Philosophical_, p. 367. [27] _Anthropology_, p. 296. [28] For a general account of religious dances, see Major-General Forlong's _Faiths of Man_, art. "Dancing." [29] Catlin, _North American Indians_, i. p. 36. [30] Cited by Frazer, _Taboo and the Perils of the Soul_, p. 161. [31] Turner's _Samoa_, p. 345-6. [32] Brady, _Clavis Calendaria_, vol. i. p. 223. [33] Cited by Tylor, _Primitive Culture_, ii. pp. 412-3. [34] _Natural Causes and Supernatural Seemings_, p. 277. [35] A very good account of the methods followed in these places will be found in Miss Hamilton's _Incubation, or the Cure of Diseases in Pagan Temples and Christian Churches_, 1906. [36] Grote, _History of Greece_, vol. i. p. 359 and vol. v. p. 232. [37] "The ancient Egyptians and Greeks," says Dr. Maudsley, "used humane and rational methods of treatment; it was only after the Christian doctrine of possession by devils had taken hold of the minds of men that the worst sort of treatment, of which history gives account, came into force" (_Pathology of Mind_, p. 523). For a general account of Egyptian medicine see the chapter on Egypt in Dr. Berdoe's _Origin and Growth of the Healing Art_. [38] Meryon, _The History of Medicine_, vol. i. p. 67. [39] _Ibid._, vol. i. p. 104. [40] See Sir Michael Foster's _Lectures on the History of Physiology_, chap. i. [41] _Primitive Culture_, ii. 124. [42] _On the Miracles_, p. 168. [43] Cited by White, who gives original authorities, _Warfare of Science with Theology_, ii. 107. [44] White, ii. 108. [45] _Meditations_, bk. i. [46] Fort's _Medical Economy during the Middle Ages_, p. 345. [47] Dr. Howden, Medical Superintendent of the Montrose Lunatic Asylum, in _Journal of Mental Science_, 1873. [48] _First Signs of Insanity_, p. 293. [49] _Clinical Lectures on Mental Diseases_, p. 428. The whole of chapter xi. is very pertinent. [50] Dr. R. Jones, in Allbutt's _System of Medicine_, vol. viii. p. 335 [51] Dr. Hollander, _First Signs of Insanity_, pp. 64-5. [52] Cited by Ireland, _The Blot on the Brain_, p. 39. [53] Allbutt's _System of Medicine_, viii. 395. [54] _Physiology of Mind_, p. 251. See also Dr. Mercier's _The Nervous System and the Mind_, p. 55. [55] _Literary Remains_, p. 83. [56] W. Ellis, _Polynesian Researches_, ii. 235-6. [57] Dr. H. Maudsley has gone fully into the case of Swedenborg in an article in the _Journal of Mental Science_ for July and October 1869, since reprinted in his _Body and Mind_. [58] See _Luther_, by H. Grisar, 1913, vol. i. pp. 16-7.