158. _Relaxed Sore Throat_, _Hoarseness_, and _Loss of Voice_, are sometimes benefited by chewing a piece of Ginger so as to produce a copious flow of saliva. 159. +Gurjun Balsam+, or +Wood Oil+. The balsamic exudation of Dipterocarpus lævis, _Ham._ Garjan-ká-tél (_Hind._), Gorjon-tail (_Beng._), Hora-tel (_Cing._), Kanyen-si (_Burm._). 160. Gurjun Balsam, or Wood Oil, is a transparent liquid of the consistence of olive oil, lighter than water, of a dark-brown sherry colour, with an odour and taste resembling Copaiba, but less powerful. It has been used as a substitute for this latter drug in the treatment of _Gonorrhœa_, and trials with it in the hands of Europeans have shown that it is a remedy of no mean value in this affection. It is only advisable in the advanced stages, or when the disease has degenerated into _Gleet_. In the latter affection it is stated to prove most useful. It is also well worthy of a trial in _Leucorrhœa and other Vaginal Discharges_. The dose is about a teaspoonful twice or thrice daily, given floating on Omum or other aromatic water, or made into an emulsion with lime water. It is apt occasionally to produce an eruption on the skin similar to that which, in some instances, follows the use of Copaiba. 161. _In Leprosy_ the use of Gurjun Balsam was introduced in 1873 by Surgeon-Major J. Dougall, and the reported success of the remedy gave rise to sanguine anticipations that a specific for this disease had at last been discovered. Although subsequent experience proved this hope to be fallacious, yet the lessons imparted by Dr. Dougall's treatment are far from unimportant. His treatment consisted in the internal and external use of the Balsam: for the former purpose it was given in two-drachm doses, with lime-water, twice daily; for the latter, in the form of ointment composed of 1 part of the Balsam and 3 of lime-water, which was directed to _be thoroughly and perseveringly rubbed in over the whole body for two hours a day by the patient himself, as far as practicable_. This was insisted upon not only for the sake of the action of the ointment on the skin, but because it was considered that any gentle employment conjoined with exercise was likely to prove beneficial both physically and mentally. Under this treatment (no change having been made in the diet) Dr. Dougall obtained signal and manifest improvement in numerous cases; but this was unhappily found to be of only a temporary character, the discontinuance of the remedy being in all cases followed by a relapse. Still further to test this treatment, Dr. A. H. Hilson (_Indian Ann. of Med. Sci._, Jan. 1877) instituted two sets of trials on leprous subjects (12 of each group), treated respectively by Gurjun Balsam, used externally and internally on Dr. Dougall's system, and by the ordinary Til (Sesamum) or Sweet Oil of the bazaars, used externally only. The results which he arrived at are as follows: 1. That the application of Gurjun oil removes the local