Researches on the Visual Organs of the TrilobitesLindström, Gustaf
Science
Researches on the Visual Organs of the Trilobites
Lindström, Gustaf
Trilobites
The hypostoma fig. 31 is of so transverse a shape that the breadth much
surpasses the height, the former being 6 millim., while the latter
attains only 3,5 millim. The anterior margin is so much arcuated and
sloping backwards that it forms an obtuse angle. The side wings are
triangular and acuminated and from them a thick pad runs backwards and
forms the posterior margin. Below the largest field of the exterior
surface the maculæ rest on a ridge having a much elongated, vermiform
shape and sunk in the surface (fig. 32) a little more than three times
longer than broad. In its shape it approaches much to the hypostoma of
Bum. insignis HALL as delineated by SALTER pl. 27 fig. 7.
In another, undetermined Bumastus (pl. II figs. 47, 48)[40] the
hypostoma (from Klints, Othem, isle of Gotland) is of a more elongate
obovate form, the anterior margin elevated, rounded, the terrace lines
faint, the tubercles are larger than in the former Bumasti, oblong,
curved, beanshaped, evenly rounded and smooth.
[Footnote 40: Probably the same as Bum. sulcatus pl. XII fig. 12 in my
paper on the Trilobites of Gotland 1885.]
Another of the new species is one that LILJEVALL has found at Korpklint
near Wisby (Pl. II figs. 41-46). The hypostoma is more elongate than
transverse with the anterior margin regularly arcuated, by far not
so prominent as in B. sulcatus and the former. By a shallow groove
the exterior surface is divided in two fields, the anterior one the
largest and covered with a few, distantiated, concentric terrace
lines. The posterior field is smooth, nearly even and the maculæ lie
just in the groove, with their axis oblique to the longitudinal axis
of the hypostoma, beanshaped and smooth. The cephalic eyes show in
a horizontal section hexaedral white walls enclosing a dark space
in which some indistinct radii emanate, fig. 41 _a_. In the vertical
sections the prisms are narrow and elongate and the integument by far
not so thick as in Bumastus sulcatus, fig. 42, 43. The border zone
of the eye in this (fig. 41) as well as in B. sulcatus, as seen in
horizontal sections, agrees with that of the Asaphidæ.
=Bumastus= sp. inlet.
Pl. III fig. 1, 2.
In a detached piece of limestone, found in Gotland, at Norderstrand,
near Wisby, two hypostomas and a free cheek lay embedded along with
a coral of the genus Acantholithus and a Bronteus probably belonging
to a new species. As the coral has not been found above the uppermost
beds of the Lower Silurian it is probable that the trilobites also are
derived from the same horizon.
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