Researches on the Visual Organs of the TrilobitesLindström, Gustaf
Science
Researches on the Visual Organs of the Trilobites
Lindström, Gustaf
Trilobites
A small lengthened, apparently smooth hypostoma with two globular
tubercular maculæ near the posterior border. No mention made of them
in the description of BRÖGGER. Cambrian. I am not, however, quite sure
whether this really belongs to a Ctenopyge, as it rather more resembles
the type of a Peltura as shown in Pelt. scarabæoides. As Ctenopyge is
so nearly related to Sphærophthalmus it could be expected to see its
hypostoma of the same type and the maculæ entirely wanting. The eyes of
this genus have been described above at page 29.
=Cybele= LOVÉN.
=Cyb. bellatula= DALMAN.
Pl. IV fig. 2.
We give a new figure of the hypostoma to complete that of FR. SCHMIDT,
pl. XIII fig. 9. The anterior wings are larger and obtuse, excavated
below and the border rim is not so distinct all round as he has
figured. There are two pair of oblique, lengthened grooves above each
other. The opposite do not, however, join to form a coherent groove
across the median field of the hypostoma, which is level between them.
No maculæ. Nearer the anterior border close below the wings, there is a
small roundish, dark spot. The surface of the hypostoma is granulated.
=Cyphaspis= ANG.
=Cyph. elegantula= ANG.
Pl. III figs. 22-25.
The hypostoma is elongated, anterior margin evenly arched, anterior
wings triangular, lateral margins faintly curved as well as the
posterior margin, at both sides of which there is one diminutive
spine. The posterior wings are short forming a spiny process from the
lateral margin. The surface of the hypostoma is smooth with a shallow
transverse groove on the inferior moiety and two corresponding lateral
impressions below it, one on each side. The elevated lateral borders
are longitudinally striated by a few terrace lines. There are no maculæ
visible. The eyes consist f short hexagonal prisms (figs. 22, 23)
nearly resembling those of Proetus.
=Dalmanites= EMMRICH.
In this large genus the hypostoma has been figured in a great number
of species. But it is only in the following that we, at least in the
figures, if not in the descriptions, are able to detect the maculæ.
_D. atavus_ BARR. Suppl. pl. 5 fig. 14.
_D. Calypso_ J. HALL, vol. VII, pl. XI A. fig. 21 p. 66
»Postero-lateral pits, moderately strong and elongate». There are casts
of the two well distinct maculæ.
_D. caudatus_ BRÜNN.
a. FORBES and SALTER in British Organic remains, Dec. II pl. 1, fig.
3 give a good figure, showing the oblique pitlike maculæ. On page 2
is told that »a pair of lateral strong indentations indicate a second
furrow above» (»the transverse furrow between the tip»).
b. SALTER, pl. 3, figs. 7, 8, bad figures, the description verbally the
same as above. What ANGELIN pl. VIII, fig. 2 c gives as the hypostoma
of »Ph. caudata» is in fact the hypostoma of a species of Lichas.
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