Researches on the Visual Organs of the TrilobitesLindström, Gustaf
Science
Researches on the Visual Organs of the Trilobites
Lindström, Gustaf
Trilobites
We give a new figure of BRÖGGER'S original specimens, as his figure 23,
Tab. II is incomplete and incorrect. The maculæ are situated a little
higher up on the sides of the central gibbosity.
=Megal. planilimbata= ANG.
Pl. V fig. 8.
The maculæ are crescent-shaped and not so prominent as in Meg.
attenuata and the visual spot in the same position as there.
To observe is that the general structure of the hypostomic shell in
this and many other species is prismatic.
=Nileus= DALMAN.
Hypostoma with maculæ figured in N. armadillo by ANGELIN pl. XVI fig. 5
c, and BR. II pl. 3 fig. 40.
The hypostoma in this genus is transversal with large lateral
expansions, the central convexity only faintly elevated and almost
coherent with the posterior part. The maculæ lie exactly on the
horizontal median line of the hypostoma. The anterior wings are well
developed like slightly bent acuminated horns and the posterior wings
are conical points. The terrace lines are transverse and a little wavy.
=Nileus armadillo= DALM.
Pl. V figs. 10-15.
There is some variability in the hypostoma of specimens from different
localities. The most known and numerous specimens are from the
renowned localities of Östergötland. They are decidedly transverse,
the proportion of the hight to breadth is as 3 to 5 and the narrow
border runs all round. In specimens from Kongslena, Vestergötland, the
proportion is as 15 to 22, in specimens from Sandvik, Öland, again, we
have 13 to 23 or 6 to 11. The maculæ, fig. 14, are oblong, inwardly
pointed, quite smooth, with a little concavity in their centre,
and their surface is slanting obliquely towards the surface of the
hypostoma, almost as in Niobe. There is no trace of any structure.
The cephalic eyes are covered by a comparatively thick membrane, a
direct continuation of the general test, fig. 12, hiding a row of
prismatic lenses. In some specimens elongate, clear, crystalline rods
continue downwards from the bases of the lenses and are probably
nothing but inorganic crystals of calcareous spar, fig. 11.--The eyes
are larger comparatively than in other species.
=Nileus (Symphysurus) palpebrosus= DALMAN.
Pl. V figs. 16-18.
As to its general form the hypostoma resembles that of the preceding
species, but there is no border line, which is so characteristic to the
former. The maculæ have the same form and are likewise situated on the
median line. The cephalic eyes have prismatic lenses with much convex
bases, in a transverse section they are hexaedral and of internal
radiate structure.
=Niobe= ANGELIN.
The following figures have formerly been given of its hypostoma with
maculæ.
_N. emarginula_ BR. II tab. 2 fig. 33.
_N. explanata_ BR. II tab. 2 fig. 35.
_N. frontalis_ BR. II fig. 37.
_N. insignis_ BR. I tab. IV fig. 1 d, 11 tab. 2 fig. 28.
_N. læviceps_ BR. II pl. 2 fig. 34.
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