The Measures for Things Dry.--_Modius_, a peck--_Semimodius_, a gallon--_Sextanus_, a pint--_Hemina_, one-half pint, and 3 smaller measures, for which we have not equivalent names in English. One Modius contained 2 _Semimodii_--each Semimodius contained 8 _Sextarii_--each Sextarius, 2 _Heminæ_--each Hemina, 4 _Acetabula_--each Acetabulum, 1-1/2 _Cyathi_--each Cyathus--4 _Ligulæ_. The Liquid Measures of Capacity were the _Culeus_, which was equal to 144-1/2 gallons--it contained 20 _Amphoræ_ or _Quadrantales_--each Amphora, 2 _Urnæ_--each Urna, 4 _Congii_--each Congius, 6 _Sextarii_--and each Sextarius, 2 _Quartarii_ or naggins--each Quartarius, 2 _Heminæ_--each Hemina, 3 _Acetabula_ or glasses--each Acetabulum, 1-1/2 _Cyathi_--and each Cyathus, 4 _Ligulæ_. The Measures of Length in use among the Romans were, _Millarium_ or _Mille_, a mile--each mile contained 8 _Stadia_, or furlongs--each Stadium, 125 _Passus_--each Pace, 5 feet. The _Pes_, or foot, was variously divided. It contained 4 _Palmi_ or handbreadths, each of which was therefore 3 inches long--and it contained 16 _Digiti_, or finger breadths, each of which was therefore three-quarters of an inch long--and it contained 12 _Unciæ_, or inches: any number of which was used to signify the same number of ounces. _Cubitus_, a cubit, was 1-1/2 feet long--_Pollex_, a thumb's breadth, 1 inch--_Palmipes_, a foot and hand's breadth, i.e. 15 inches long--_Pertica_, a perch, 10 feet long--the lesser _Actus_ was a space of ground 120 feet long by four broad--the greater Actus was 120 feet square--two square Actus made a _Jugerum_, or acre, which contained therefore 28,000 square feet. The first money in use among the Romans was nothing more than unsightly lumps of brass, which were valued according to their weight. Servius Tullius stamped these, and reduced them to a fixed standard. After his reign, the Romans improved the old, and added some new coins. Those in most frequent use, were the _As_, _Sestertius_, _Victoriatus_, _Denarius_, _Aureus_. The As was a brass coin, stamped on one side with the beak of a ship, and on the other with the double head of Janus. It originally weighed one pound; but was afterwards reduced to half an ounce, without suffering, however, any diminution of value. It was worth one cent and forty-three hundredths. Sestertius was a silver coin, stamped on one side with Castor and Pollux, and on the opposite with the city. This was so current a coin, that the word _Nummus_, money, is often used absolutely to express it. It was worth three cents and fifty-seven hundredths. Denarius was a silver coin, valued at ten asses; that is, fourteen cents and thirty-five hundredths of our money. It was stamped with the figure of a carriage drawn by four beasts, and on the other side, with a head covered with a helmet, to represent Rome.