Rough Ways Made Smooth: A series of familiar essays on scientific subjectsProctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
Rough Ways Made Smooth: A series of familiar essays on scientific subjects
Proctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
It is to be remembered, however, in estimating the probable value
of the result which has been deduced from the British observations,
that as yet only a portion of these observations has been effectively
dealt with. The British observations of the beginning of transit at
northern and southern stations give, when combined together, a value
of the sun's distance. The British observations of the end of transit
at other northern and southern stations give also, when combined
together, a value of the sun's distance. And both sets combined give
of course a mean value of the sun's distance, more likely on the whole
to be correct than either value taken separately. But the British
observations of the duration of transit as observed from southern
stations do not of themselves give any means of determining the sun's
distance. They must be combined with observations of the duration of
transit as observed from northern stations; and no British party was
stationed where such observations could be obtained. The value, then,
of these particular British southern observations can only be educed
when comparison is made between them and the northern observations by
American, German, and Russian astronomers.
We must not, then, be disheartened if the results of the British
operations _alone_ should not seem to be altogether satisfactory. For
it may still happen that that portion of the British operations which
only has value when combined with the work of other countries may
be found to possess extreme value. We had good reason for doubting
beforehand whether results of any great value could be obtained by
Delisle's method. It was only because Halley's was supposed to fail
totally that the Government astronomers ever thought of employing that
method, which the experience of former transits had taught us to regard
as of very little value.
It may be asked, however, how we are to form an opinion from the result
of calculations based on the Delislean operations during the last
transit, whether the method in satisfactory or not. If as yet the sun's
distance is not exactly determined, a result differing from former
results may be better than any of them, many will think; and therefore
the method employed to obtain it may be more satisfactory than others.
If, they may reason, we place reliance on a certain method to measure
for us a certain unknown distance, how can we possibly tell from the
distance so determined whether the method is trustworthy or not?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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