Sanitation -- Cuba -- Havana; Sanitation -- Panama; Yellow fever -- Cuba -- Havana
On the 12th of June, 1899, we had had for the month two cases of
yellow fever, and in 1900, six. If you consider the amount of work
there was to be done, to put oil in all the cesspools, all the
water barrels and all the cisterns, once a month, and then keep the
streams and pools in the suburbs drained, you will understand that
seventy-five men is not at all a large force. I think I could use to
advantage more. As you say, we could use less pyrethrum. We arrived
at the rate of a pound per 1,000 cubic feet by experiments at Las
Animas. We found that in this ratio we could kill mosquitoes in one
and a half hours. It would probably be just as well to intoxicate
them and sweep them up, and I shall probably cut down the quantity in
a short time. We have to sweep them up anyway. But feeling that it
may be possible that we have no infected mosquitoes in Havana I want
to do everything I can think of, when a case occurs, to increase the
chances of killing the infected mosquito in the neighborhood of where
the patient got his infection.
We are using now from one hundred to two hundred pounds to the
patient, killing the mosquitoes everywhere within half a dozen houses
of the patient’s home. There is less objection raised to this than
to the ordinary disinfection. It damages nothing, only keeps them out
of their room for an hour or two, and kills the mosquitoes. I think
there is much less opposition to us on this account than there was
last year.
I feel confident that there is very little concealment of cases, and
I do not feel much anxiety on this score. We cannot have many light
cases without having a death now and then, and deaths would almost
certainly be reported.
But what gives me the greatest confidence is that our non-immunes are
made up entirely of Spaniards and Americans. The Americans promptly
report themselves where there is anything suspicious, for the sake of
the better care that they get at Las Animas. The Spaniards are all
matriculated at one of the three “quintas,” and go there as soon as
they are sick from any cause. These “quintas” are all very anxious to
try and catch up to the record of Las Animas, and report every case
that they think, by any possibility, will pass the Board. And then,
too, I can control the “quintas” by frequent inspections. So it seems
to me that there is very little probability of cases being concealed
to any extent. Still, we can speak more definitely on this subject
about the 1st of December than we can now.
All well. With kindest regards, I remain,
Very sincerely yours,
W. C. GORGAS,
Maj. & Surg., U. S. A.
Chief Sanitary Officer.
To Maj. Walter Reed,
Washington, D. C.
(6)
Army Med. Museum, June 27, 1901.
MY DEAR GORGAS:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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