Scientific American Supplement, No. 388, June 9, 1883Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 388, June 9, 1883
Various
Science -- Periodicals
This superphosphate process has been at work at the South Metropolitan
Gas Works, Old Kent Road, for nearly two years. In practice it is
usual to water the superphosphate before use with ammoniacal liquor,
and it is used in dry purifiers, in layers about eight inches thick.
This process has been thoroughly investigated at the Munich Gas Works,
by Drs. Bunte and Schilling, and the report made by these gentlemen
proves its practical efficiency, and therefore the question of its
advantage, as compared with washing and scrubbing, is based chiefly
upon financial considerations. It is evident that in foreign parts,
or in any place where there is a difficulty in disposing of the
ammonia, the obtaining of the same in a dry form offers several
advantages as compared with having it as a weak solution.
* * * * *
RECONVERSION OF NITRO-GLYCERIN INTO GLYCERIN.
By C.L. BLOXAM.
The following experiments on this subject appear to possess some
interest at the present moment:
1. Nitro-glycerin was shaken with methylated alcohol, which dissolves
it readily, and the solution was mixed with an alcoholic solution of
KHS (prepared by dissolving KHO in methylated spirit, and saturating
with H_{2}S gas). Considerable rise of temperature took place, the
liquid became red, a large quantity of sulphur separated, and the
nitro-glycerin was entirely decomposed.
2. Nitro-glycerin was shaken with a strong aqueous solution of
commercial K_{2}S. The same changes were observed as in 1, but the
rise of temperature was not so great, and the liquid became opaque
very suddenly when the decomposition of the nitro-glycerin was
completed.
3. The ordinary yellow solution of ammonium sulphide used in the
laboratory had the same effect as the K_{2}S. In this case the mixture
was evaporated to dryness on the steam bath, when bubbles of gas were
evolved, due to the decomposition of the ammonium nitrite. The pasty
mass of sulphur was treated with alcohol, which extracted the
glycerin, subsequently recovered by evaporation. Another portion of
the mixture of nitro-glycerin with ammonium sulphide was treated with
excess of PbCO_{3} and a little lead acetate, filtered, and the ammonium
nitrite detected in the solution. These qualitative results would be
expressed by the equation--
C3H5(NO)+3NH4HS = C3H5(OH)3 + 3NH4NO2 + S3,
which is similar to that for the action of potassium hydrosulphide
upon gun-cotton.
4. Flowers of sulphur and slaked lime were boiled with water, till a
bright orange solution was obtained. This was filtered, and some
nitro-glycerin powered into it. The reduction took place much more
slowly than in the other cases, and more agitation was required,
because the nitro-glycerin became coated with sulphur. In a few
minutes, the reduction appearing to be complete, the separated sulphur
was filtered off. The filtrate was clear, and the sulphur bore
hammering without the slightest indication of nitro-glycerin.
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