Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886
Various
Science -- Periodicals
For 100 kil.--The scoured and washed wool is mordanted by boiling for 1½
hours in a bath containing 3 kil. chromate of potash and 2½ kil. tartar,
and lightly rinsed; when it can immediately be dyed. For 1,000 lit.
water, 1 lit. acetic acid of about 7° Be. is added to the bath. If the
water is very hard, double the quantity of acetic acid, which is
indispensable, is added. Then the required quantity of dyestuff is added,
well stirred, the wool entered, and the temperature raised to boiling,
which is continued for 2½ to 3 hours, that is, until a sample taken does
no longer surrender any color to a hot solution of soap. Loose wool and
worsted slubbing can be entered at 60° C. (140° F.). In dyeing yarn and
piece-goods, however, it is advisable to enter the bath cold, work for
about 1/4 hour in the cold, and then slowly to raise the temperature in
about one hour to the boiling point. With this precaution, level and
thoroughly dyed goods are always obtained. If the wool is entered in a
hot bath, or if it is rapidly brought to a boil, the dyestuff is too
rapidly fixed by the mordant and is liable to run up unevenly, and, with
piece-goods, more superficially. For the same reason the goods must
always be well wetted out before entering the bath.
We add some special recipes for the various colors, the mordant for all
of them being of 3 per cent. chromate of potash and 2½ per cent. tartar
for 100 by weight of dry wool.
1. _Orange, Brown Touch_.
20 kil. wool, mordant with 600 grm. chromate of potash and 500 grm.
tartar, dye with 3 kil. alizarine orange W.
2. _Ponceau, Yellow Touch_.
20 kil. wool, mordant as for No. 1, dye with 2 kil. alizarine red WR 20
per cent.
3. _Ponceau, Blue Touch_.
20 kil. wool, mordant like No. 1, dye with 2 kil. alizarine red WB 20 per
cent.
4. _Dahlia_.
20 kil. wool, mordant like No. 1, dye with 5 kil. galleine W.
5. _Green_.
20 kil. wool, mordant like No. 1, dye with 6 kil. coeruleine W.
_For Piece-goods._
20 kil cloth, mordant the same, dye with 1 kil. 200 grm. coeruleine SW.
6. _Blue, Bright_.
20 kil. wool, mordant the same, dye with 6 kil. alizarine blue WX.
_For Piece-goods._
20 kil. cloth, mordant the same, dye with 1 kil. 200 grm. alizarine blue
SW.
7. _Blue, Dark and Red Touch_.
20 kil. wool, mordant like No. 1, dye with 6 kil. alizarine blue WR.
_For Piece-goods._
20 kil. cloth, mordant the same, dye with 1 kil. 200 grm. alizarine blue
SRW.
Particular stress is to be laid upon the great fastness of the alizarine
dyes against light and fulling. Besides, these dyestuffs contain nothing
whatever injurious to the wool fiber. Sanders, which very much tenders
the wool, as every dyer knows, can in all cases be replaced by alizarine
red and alizarine orange, making an end to the spinners' frequent
complaints about too much waste.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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