Scientific American Supplement No. 822, October 3, 1891Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement No. 822, October 3, 1891
Various
Science -- Periodicals
Dr. Farquharson has brought this subject before the House of Commons
in England and measures are being taken which will insure to the
traveling public immunity from accidents at sea. I need not mention
that the majority of railways of our country have a system of
examinations which prevents a color blind entering their service.
Dr. Wilson makes the suggestion that he noticed a singular expression
in the eyes of certain of the color blind difficult to describe. "In
some it amounted to a startled expression, as if they were alarmed; in
others, to an eager, aimless glance, as if seeking to perceive
something but unable to find it; and in certain others to an almost
vacant stare, as if their eyes were fixed upon objects beyond the
limit of vision. The expression referred to, which is not at all times
equally pronounced, never altogether leaves the eyes which it seems to
characterize."
Dr. B. Joy Jeffries, of Boston, has recently written an article on
this same topic, but unfortunately I have not his pamphlet at hand to
quote his views on this subject.
In this lecture I have shown that the normal eye is far sighted. The
mammalia have this kind of an eye; the Indian the same. The white man
is fast becoming near sighted. The civilized Indian is also showing
the effects of continuous near work; and now the question arises. What
are we to do to prevent further deterioration of vision? The fault
lies at our own doors. Let us try to correct these now existing evils,
so that future generations will, instead of censuring us, thank us for
our wisdom.
To aid in a feeble way for the protection of posterity I have
formulated ten rules on the preservation of vision:
(1) Do not allow light to fall upon the face of a sleeping infant.
(2) Do not allow babies to gaze at a bright light.
(3) Do not send children to school before the age of ten.
(4) Do not allow children to keep their eyes too long on a near
object, at any one time.
(5) Do not allow them to study much by artificial light.
(6) Do not allow them to use books with small type.
(7) Do not allow them to read in a railway carriage.
(8) Do not allow boys to smoke tobacco, especially cigarettes.
(9) Do not necessarily ascribe headaches to indigestion. The eyes may
be the exciting cause.
(10) Do not allow the itinerant spectacle vender to prescribe glasses.
* * * * *
THE WATER MOLECULE.[1]
[Footnote 1: Translated from the _Pharmaceutische Centralhalle_, by
A.G. Vogeler.--_Western Druggist_.]
By A. GANSWINDT.
"Water consists of one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen." This
proposition will not be disputed in the least by the author; still, it
may be profitable to indulge in a few stereo-chemic speculations as to
the nature of the water molecule and to draw the inevitable
conclusions.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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