Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Stage history; Theater -- England
Now these quotations, it may be urged, were picked out with a view to
prejudice a favourable opinion of the play. But disparagements are, none
the less, important links in a question of authorship. In fact it was
because Shakespearian critics, of undisputed authority, declared that
"Henry VIII." was not a play worthy of the poet's genius that a few
advanced scholars were encouraged to come forward and pronounce that no
part of the play had been written by Shakespeare.
* * * * *
In the autumn of 1850 Mr. Spedding, the able editor of Bacon's works,
published a paper in the _Gentleman's Magazine_ in which he stated it to
be his belief that a great portion of the play of "Henry VIII." was
written by Fletcher; a conjecture that indeed had been anticipated and was
at once confirmed by other writers. Tennyson, on Mr. Spedding's authority,
had pointed out many years previously the resemblance of the style in some
parts of the play to Fletcher's. In fact, the conclusion arrived at by the
advanced critics was that the play has two totally different metres which
are the work of two different authors. On this point Mr. Spedding wrote:
"A distinction so broad and so uniform running through so large a
portion of the same piece cannot have been accidental, and the more
closely it is examined, the more clearly will it appear that the
metre in these two sets of scenes is managed upon entirely different
principles and bears evidence of different workmen."
This conclusion, however, was not endorsed by all commentators. It was
acknowledged that metrical evidence must not be neglected, and that "there
is no play of Shakespeare's in which eleven syllable lines are so frequent
as they are in "Henry VIII."; and even Swinburne, whose faith in
Shakespeare's authorship was unwavering, asserted "that if not the partial
work it may certainly be taken as the general model of Fletcher, in some
not unimportant passages." It was contended besides that the poet's hand
was hampered by a difficulty inherent in the subject, since of all
Shakespeare's plays, "Henry VIII." is the nearest in its story to the
poet's own time, and that the elliptical construction and the licence of
versification, which are peculiar to this play, are necessary in order to
bring the dialogue closer to the language of common life. In fact, Mr.
Spedding's opponents, while admitting an anonymous hand in the prologue
and epilogue, rejected the theory as to the manner in which the
collaboration was carried out, and asserted that the structure of the
play, the development of the action and the characters showed it to be the
work of one hand, and that Shakespeare's.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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