Sketch of the Analytical Engine invented by Charles Babbage, Esq.Menabrea, Luigi Federico
Science
Sketch of the Analytical Engine invented by Charles Babbage, Esq.
Menabrea, Luigi Federico
Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871; Numerical analysis
We should observe, that if the variables , ,
, &c. are furnished, they would be placed directly upon
, , &c., like any other data.
If not, a separate computation might be entered upon in a separate
part of the engine, in order to calculate them, and place them on
, &c.
We have now explained how the engine might compute (1.) in the most
direct manner, supposing we knew nothing about the general term
of the resulting series. But the engine would in reality set to work
very differently, whenever (as in this case) we do know the law
for the general term.
The two first terms of (1.) are
and the general term for all after these is
which is the coefficient of the ( term. The engine would
calculate the two first terms by means of a separate set of suitable
Operation-cards, and would then need another set for the third term;
which last set of Operation-cards would calculate all the succeeding
terms ad infinitum; merely requiring certain new Variable-cards
for each term to direct the operations to act on the proper columns.
The following would be the successive sets of operations for computing
the coefficients of terms—
Or we might represent them as follows, according to the numerical order
of the operations:—
The brackets, it should be understood, point out the relation in
which the operations may be grouped, while the comma marks
succession. The symbol + might be used for this latter purpose,
but this would be liable to produce confusion, as + is also necessarily
used to represent one class of the actual operations which are the
subject of that succession. In accordance with this meaning attached to
the comma, care must be taken when any one group of operations recurs
more than once, as is represented above by (11 ... 15), not to
insert a comma after the number or letter prefixed to that group.
,(11 ... 15) would stand for an operation followed
by the group of operations (11 ... 15); instead of denoting the
number of groups which are to follow each other.
Wherever a general term exists, there will be a recurring
group of operations, as in the above example. Both for brevity and
for distinctness, a recurring group is called a cycle.
A cycle of operations, then, must be understood to signify any
set of operations which is repeated more than once.
It is equally a cycle, whether it be repeated twice
only, or an indefinite number of times; for it is the fact of a
repetition occurring at all that constitutes it such. In many
cases of analysis there is a recurring group of one or more
[Pg 51]
cycles; that is, a cycle of a cycle, or a cycle of
cycles. For instance: suppose we wish to divide a series by a
series,
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