Sketch of the Sikhs: A Singular Nation Who Inhabit the Provinces of Penjab, Situated Between the Rivers Jumna and IndusMalcolm, John
Religion
Sketch of the Sikhs: A Singular Nation Who Inhabit the Provinces of Penjab, Situated Between the Rivers Jumna and Indus
Malcolm, John
Sikhs
The Sikh converts, it has been before stated, continue, after they have
quitted their original religion, all those civil usages and customs
of the tribes to which they belonged, that they can practise, without
infringing the tenets of Nánac, or the institutions of Gúrú Góvind.
They are most particular with regard to their intermarriages; and, on
this point, Sikhs descended from Hindús almost invariably conform to
Hindú customs, every tribe intermarrying within itself. The Hindú
usage, regarding diet, is also held equally sacred; no Sikh, descended
from a Hindú family, ever violating it, except upon particular
occasions, such as a Gúrú-matá, when they are obliged, by their tenets
and institutions, to eat promiscuously. The strict observance of these
usages has enabled many of the Sikhs, particularly of the Ját[88] and
Gujar[89] tribes, which include almost all those settled to the south
of the Satléj, to preserve an intimate intercourse with their original
tribes; who, considering the Sikhs not as having lost cast, but as
Hindús that have joined a political association, which obliges them
to conform to general rules established for its preservation, neither
refuse to intermarry[90] nor to eat with them.
The higher cast of Hindús, such as Bráhmens and Cshatríyas, who have
become Sikhs, continue to intermarry with converts of their own tribes,
but not with Hindús of the cast they have abandoned, as they are
polluted by eating animal food; all kinds of which are lawful to Sikhs,
except the cow, which it is held sacrilege to slay[91]. Nánac, whose
object was to conciliate the Muhammedans to his creed, prohibited hog's
flesh also; but it was introduced by his successors, as much, perhaps,
from a spirit of revenge against the Moslems, as from considerations of
indulgence to the numerous converts of the Ját and Gujar tribe, among
whom wild hog is a favourite species of food.
The Muhammedans, who become Sikhs, intermarry with each other, but are
allowed to preserve none of their usages, being obliged to eat hog's
flesh, and abstain from circumcision.
The Sikhs are forbid the use of tobacco[92], but allowed to indulge
in spirituous[93] liquors, which they almost all drink to excess; and
it is rare to see a Singh soldier, after sunset, quite sober. Their
drink is an ardent spirit[94], made in the Penjáb; but they have no
objections to either the wine or spirits of Europe, when they can
obtain them.
The use of opium, to intoxicate, is very common with the Sikhs, as
with most of the military tribes of India. They also take B'hang[95],
another inebriating drug.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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