The first meteorograph, a combined recording thermometer and barometer (from which the height can be calculated), was constructed by Mr. Fergusson in August 1895, and three months later he united a recording anemometer to the thermometer, which was probably the first apparatus of this kind to be attached to kites. A meteorograph, recording the atmospheric pressure, air temperature, and relative humidity, was ordered from M. Richard of Paris in 1895, like one already carried by French aeronauts, except that, since for kites lightness is all-essential, M. Richard constructed this triple-recorder for the first time of aluminium, and hereby reduced its weight to 2-4/5 lbs. [Illustration: FIG. 8.--Eddy tailless Kite.] [Illustration: FIG. 9.--Hargrave Kite.] One of these meteorographs was hung to a ring at the point of attachment of the two kite-lines to the main line, a method which was used until recently. In August 1895, besides the Eddy kites, there was first used the cellular or box kite, invented by Lawrence Hargrave of Sydney, Australia, which bears no resemblance to the conventional forms of kites and which it would not be supposed could fly. As seen from Fig. 9 its appearance is that of two light boxes without tops or bottoms, fastened some distance above each other. The wind exerts its lifting force chiefly upon the front and rear sides of the top box, the lower box, which inclines to the rear, and so receives less pressure, preserving the balance. The ends of the boxes, being in line with the wind, keep the kite steady and serve the purpose of the dihedral angle in the Malay kite. The Japanese are said to fly a single box, which is the prototype of the Hargrave double cell. At the present time some form of the Hargrave kite is generally employed for scientific purposes. On account of the weight of the large cord necessary to control these kites, and the surface which it presented to the wind, a height of 2000 feet could not be reached, so, during the winter of 1895-6, following Archibald's example and the methods of deep-sea sounding employed by Captain Sigsbee, U. S. N., steel pianoforte wire was substituted for the cord. This wire is less than half as heavy, and less than one-fourth the size of cord having the same strength, and, moreover, its surface is polished, which reduces the friction of the wind blowing past it. With the wire the height of a mile was reached in July, and a mile and two-thirds above Blue Hill in October 1896.