The produce of the mines of Peru, including those of Chili, is about 1,730,000_l._ annually, whilst the value of European goods imported, is nearly 2,492,000_l._ in the same period; and the value of the agricultural produce exported, of Peru and Chili, is 866,000_l._ In this country the population is much scattered, and composed of castes who have the greatest distrust of each other, the Indians being the most numerous, and leading a life of indolence and apathy; the natural resources of this fine region are unheeded; and its commerce, far from being restricted by the government, suffers only from the inactivity of its inhabitants. _Mines._--The mines, which in general are very rich, are very ill worked, and often abandoned from trivial causes; and the quicksilver necessary to obtain the metal from the ore, is procured in insufficient quantities, no exertions being made to clear the mines of that valuable substance, which exists in the greatest profusion in the country. The mines which produce the greatest quantity of valuable metals, are those of _Lauricocha_, the province of Tarma, commonly called the mines of _Pasco_ in the _Cerro de Bombon_, or high-table-land, in which is the small lake De los Reyes, to the south of the Cerro de Yauricocha; those of _Gualgayoc_, or _Chota_, in Truxillo, and the mines of _Huantajaya_. The mines of _Pasco_ were discovered by Huari Capac, an Indian, in 1630; they alone furnish two millions of piastres annually, and are at an elevation of more than 13,000 feet above the level of the sea; the metalliferous bed appears near the surface, the shafts being not more than from 90 to 400 feet in depth; water then makes its appearance, and causes great expence in clearing it. The bed is 15,747 feet long, and 7217 feet in breadth, and would produce, if worked by steam, as much as Guanaxuato in Mexico; its average annual produce is however 131,260 _lbs._ troy. _Gualgayoc_ and _Micuipampa_, commonly called Chota, were discovered in 1771, by Don Rodriguez de Ocaño a European; but in the time of the Incas, the Peruvians worked some silver vein, near the present town of Micuipampa. Immense wealth has been discovered at _Fuentestiana_, at _Comolache_ and _Pampa de Navar_; at the last of which, wherever the turf is moved, for more than half a square league, sulphuretted and native silver, in filaments, are found adhering to the roots of the grasses, and it is also occasionally discovered in large masses. All the mines in the partido of _Chota_, comprehended under the name of _Gualgayoc_, have furnished the provincial treasury of Truxillo, with 44,095_lbs._ troy of silver annually; these minerals are richer than those of Potosi, and are discovered mostly at the height of 13,385 feet.