Statement of the Provision for the Poor, and of the Condition of the Labouring Classes in a Considerable Portion of America and Europe: Being the preface to the foreign communications contained in the appendix to the Poor-Law ReportSenior, Nassau William
History
Statement of the Provision for the Poor, and of the Condition of the Labouring Classes in a Considerable Portion of America and Europe: Being the preface to the foreign communications contained in the appendix to the Poor-Law Report
Senior, Nassau William
Poor -- Europe; Poor -- United States; Working class
In others, they are directly provided with every thing; that
is, they have in the house free lodging, candles, firing,
bedding, clothes, food, and in case of sickness, medical care,
medicine, and attendance. In general, in this case, each of
the two sexes, or a great number of such persons, nearly of
the same class, have a _common sleeping-room_, and a _common
eating_ and _working-room_. Sometimes however only two, three,
or four poor persons together, and often even individual poor
have their separate rooms.
In the common sleeping-rooms, every person has his separate
bed, generally feather beds, such as are usually found in poor
independent families.
The clothing is mostly warmer and stronger, but not so
good-looking and more old-fashioned than that of the poorer
independent citizens.
The food consists, generally, in the morning of soup, at noon
a farinaceous dish and vegetables, and once, twice, rarely
three times in the week, of a quarter or half a pound of meat;
in the evening of soup, together with milk or potatoes. There
are, however, poor-houses where they get no breakfast in the
morning; at dinner only farinaceous food or vegetables (not
both together), and once a week only, or even but a few times
in the year, on certain holidays, or even not at all, meat,
and in the evening nothing but _soup_.[7] When this diet is
furnished by contract, 5, 5½, 6, 7, 8 to 8½ kreutzer daily per
head are at present paid for it; besides which, however, the
contractor mostly has lodging and firing gratis, and the use of
a garden.
Besides this, every person receives in most of these houses,
3, 3½, 4, 5, 6, and even 7 pounds of bread weekly, and in some
places a few kreutzer every week for snuff; wine is given only
where there are special endowments for that purpose, mostly on
certain holidays. The sick have better and lighter food and
wine, as the physician thinks fit to prescribe in every case.
In some of these houses, more, and in others less, care is
taken that the inmates of them do not unnecessarily go out,
and that those who are able to do some work are not idle. Some
hospitals have lands which they keep in their own hands, and
in this case the inmates are employed as much as possible in
assisting in the agricultural operations. Where there is no
land, they must at least prepare the necessary firewood, carry
wood and water, help in washing, cooking, and other domestic
employments; they must spin, wind yarn, knit, sew, make clothes
and shoes for the house, &c. In some poor-houses they are also
employed in making wooden pegs for shoemakers and tilers,
matches, &c.
On the whole, however, the employment of these people in the
poor-houses does not produce much.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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