Stirring scenes in savage lands : $b An account of the manners, customs, habits and recreations, peaceful and warlike, of the uncivilised worldGreenwood, James
History
Stirring scenes in savage lands : $b An account of the manners, customs, habits and recreations, peaceful and warlike, of the uncivilised world
Greenwood, James
Anthropology
struck with a piece of the same metal; a cow’s-horn, blown rather
discordantly; and clattering-boxes made of bamboo matting, with a
string to them held in the hands like Spanish castanets, and shaken
vigorously to produce a noise by the agitation of the pebbles or pieces
of broken crockery-ware they contain. Yet, with this primitive attempt
at music, the banners flying from the canoes, the simultaneous hoisting
of flags on all the ships in the river, and the return of a salute from
the vessel to which he is proceeding, when the king’s party becomes
visible, gives the whole scene a very animated appearance.”
By-the-by, mention has several times been made of the curious
institution existing in this part of the world known as the order
of “Egbo.” It is a sort of negro brotherhood of kings, chiefs, and
free men, and the title is derived from “Ekpe,” the Efik name for
tiger. There are eleven grades, the three superior of which are not
purchaseable by slaves. In former times the Egbo title was confined
entirely to freemen, the second or third generation of a slave born
within the pale of an Egboman’s dwelling being liberated by this fact,
and allowed to purchase it after their parents were dead. It cannot be
compared to any institution familiar to European minds but to that of
Freemasonry. Previous to initiation, the Egbo candidate is obliged to
go through a number of ceremonial observances; as, for instance, on a
“Brass Egbo”--one of the superior grades--applicant’s admission into
that order, his body is daubed over with yellow dye to simulate brass,
and there is a sacrifice of animals on the occasion. The secrets and
meetings of Egbo men are strictly private. If a man, woman, or child
have a complaint of grievance against a master or neighbour, he or she
has only to give notification of it by slapping an Egbo gentleman on
the front of his body, or by going into the market square and tolling
the large Egbo bell. The gentleman apprised by the first-mentioned
form of notice, is bound to have at once an Egbo meeting to redress
the grievance complained of, and if this be found to be trivial the
punishment is inflicted on the complainant. When an Egbo man wants to
make a proclamation relative to a theft committed, or the recovery
of a debt, he sends out into the town what is supposed to be Idem,
or spiritual representation of Egbo, a man with a black vizard on
his black face, and the whole of his body covered cap-a-pie with a
fantastical dress of bamboo matting. This personage is sometimes
preceded by a few drummers, and he always has a bell fastened to his
side, which rings as he goes along. In his left hand he carries a bunch
of green leaves (for he is believed to have been exorcised from the
woods, and of course must keep up his sylvan character); in his right
is an enormous cow-hide whip with which he flogs every slave, man or
woman, whom he meets, as taste or inclination may suggest. A brutal
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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