The ants are nearly allied to the bees, and also have a complete metamorphosis. Fig. 26 shows the English red ant, female and neuter. The wings of the female drop off after the pairing season, a fact which has given a name, Hymenoptera, to the whole group to which the ant belongs, although the name is often quite inapplicable. A recent discovery in entomology is the fact that ants have a voice. Dr. D. Sharp of Cambridge has described their "stridulating," _i.e._ noise-producing, organs. These consist of parallel ridges present on the sides of certain segments. By working the body up and down, the insect scrapes these ridges with the edge of the preceding segment, so that a musical note is produced, intelligible to other ants. The question has also been investigated by French observers. The principle involved will readily be recognised by those who in childhood were guilty of trying to extract music from a comb. [Illustration: FIG. 27.--White Ants, _Eutermes morio_, from Pernambuco, twice the natural size. _A_, Soldier; _B_, Worker; _C_, Young male; _D_, Female.] The white ants, so destructive in tropical climates, are not true ants, but belong to a different order. These also live in colonies; like the bees, they have an egg-laying queen. She has a partner, the king. There are neuter soldiers and neuter workers, both wingless, while the male and female have wings, afterwards lost. [Illustration: FIG. 28.--Cocoons of Moths. _A_, Compound Cocoon of _Coenodomuc hockingi_, from India, one-half natural size; _B_, of a Silkworm, _Bombyx Japonica_, one-half natural size; _C_, of Green-shaded Honey Moth; _D_, of Death's Head Moth, one-quarter natural size; _E_, of _Metura Savendersii_, from New South Wales, natural size; _F_, of _Castnia Endesmia_, from Chili, one-sixth of the natural size; _G_, of _Attacus attas_ from Bombay, one-fourth of the natural size.] The Lepidoptera or butterflies and moths receive their name, Scaly-winged, from the beautiful microscopic scales with which their wings are covered. Fig. 28 shows the cocoons which the larvæ of some of the moths make for themselves in which to pass their pupa stage. Some are made wholly of silk, others of dried leaves woven together. Fig. 29 shows a Moth with its caterpillar, cocoon, and chrysalis. The threads of which a caterpillar weaves its cocoon are familiarly exemplified in the silk of commerce. The caterpillar, in some cases, is gregarious, and builds a common nest (Fig. 30). [Illustration: FIG. 29.--A Moth, _Saturnia pyri_ (S. Europe), with its Caterpillar, _A_; its Cocoon, _B_; Cocoon cut open to show Chrysalis, _C_; Adult insect, _D_.]