Studies in Moro History, Law, and ReligionSaleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry)
History
Studies in Moro History, Law, and Religion
Saleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry)
Law -- Philippines; Mindanao Island (Philippines) -- History; Muslims -- Philippines
After the death of Sultan Barahaman his son Manamir was declared
sultan. As Manamir was very young, his succession was considered
illegal and an act of enmity directed against his uncle, Kuda. Kuda
therefore "usurped the government and went to Simway, carrying with
him the effects of the deceased sultan."
Civil war ensued and the peace of the state was greatly disturbed. This
war must have lasted more than thirty years, and its story is variously
related by the Moros. The tarsila do not mention it at all. The best
description was given by Captain Forest, who learned its details
from the mouth of Pakir Mawlana, the chief person who conducted the
campaign and terminated the struggle.
Kuda invited a party of Sulus living in Magindanao to Simway to support
him against his nephew. The Sulus came, but finding him with only a
small force, they treacherously murdered him and plundered his camp and
possessed themselves of many pieces of heavy cannon, which Kuda had
transported from Magindanao to Simway. "The Sulus returned home with
their booty, and Manamir's party got the ascendency." But the Sulus,
conscious of their iniquity and fearful of resentment when peace should
be restored, fomented trouble between Manamir and his brother Anwar,
and supported the latter. The state was again divided against itself,
and the second struggle proved worse than the first. Skirmishes
were kept up and nightly attacks and assassinations were continued
until both sides were very much weakened. Their enmity grew bitter
and Malinug, the son of Anwar, killed his uncle Manamir. Manamir
was the rightful sultan, and on account of his assassination
he has ever since been called Sahid Mupat, which means "died a
martyr." Pakir Mawlana and Pakaru-d-Din, the sons of Sahid Mupat,
were obliged to leave Magindanao, and retired to Tamontaka. "The
country then suffered much. The great palace at the town was first
plundered and then burned. In the conflagration many of the houses
of Magindanao were destroyed, as was also a great part of the town
of Slangan. The groves of cocoanut trees were also mostly destroyed,
as being convenient and at hand to make palisades for temporary forts."
In the meantime Sultan Anwar died at Batwa and has ever since been
referred to as Mupat Batwa, which means "died in Batwa." Malinug
assumed the sultanate after his father's death and kept up the fight.
"After a tedious, desultory war, Malinug fled up the Pulangi to
Bwayan. Pakir Mawlana then got possession of all the lands about
Magindanao, and peace was made soon after. Malinug died a natural
death, and some time later his two sons visited Pakir Mawlana."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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