Supplement to Harvesting Ants and Trap-Door SpidersMoggridge, John Traherne
Science
Supplement to Harvesting Ants and Trap-Door Spiders
Moggridge, John Traherne
Ants; Trap-door spiders
I will own that, when Mr. Dillon first showed me this new feature, I
hoped that it might prove to be something accidental and exceptional;
and it was only after careful examination of a large series of nests
of all sizes, that I gradually and almost unwillingly admitted that
this descending cavity formed an important feature in the typical
structure of the nests.
I now see, however, that the presence of this cavity adds
considerably to the interest of the structure as a whole, and places
its architect quite at the head of all the builders of trap-door
nests. This type should now be called, for the sake of distinction,
the _double-door, branched, cavity, wafer_ nest, to avoid confusion
with the _Hyères branched nest_.
I am now about to endeavour to atone for my past oversight by giving
new illustrations (Plate XIX., figs. A and B) and descriptions of
this very remarkable nest; while I would at the same time beg the
indulgence of my readers for past and present shortcomings, reminding
them that the interest which attaches to structures of this kind is
proportioned to the complexity and subtlety of their contrivance,
and, therefore, to the difficulty we experience in properly
understanding and describing them.
[Illustration: _Plate XIX._]
It will be seen by a reference to Plate XIX.,[144] figs. A and A 1,
that in addition to the cylindrical branch, which mounts upwards,
there is a shorter branch which leaves the main tube on the opposite
side (on the left as seen in the Plate), and takes a downward course.
Now this descending branch, which is barely more than an inch in
length, is a cavity of variable form, being sometimes cylindrical,
and sometimes egg- or even watch-shaped,[145] but there is one
particular in which it never varies, and that is the position of its
elliptic orifice. This orifice is always situated on the opposite
side of the main tube to that on which the ascending branch leaves
this latter, so that the whole nest, when seen in section, presents
the figure of a St. Andrew's cross, only with arms of unequal length.
[Footnote 144: A nest of a scarcely half-grown spider is here
represented in order that sufficient space might be gained to show
the lower door in its two positions. The perfect cavity is still
found in nests of much larger dimensions, and occasionally, indeed,
in nests of almost the maximum size.]
[Footnote 145: I take the liberty of coining a word to replace
"lenticular," the form of a watch being more familiar than that of a
lens.]
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