Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
In the _thoracic form_ the extreme hyperthermia is complicated by early
lesions in the lungs, while the muscular or cutaneous ones are omitted
or deferred. So long as the lesions are confined to the chest, they are
betrayed by hurried and even oppressed breathing or dyspnœa, a frequent,
moist, suffocative cough, persistent standing to favor respiration, and
there are the percussion and auscultation indications of consolidated
lungs or hydrothorax. The mucosæ are usually of a darker red, than in
the external form, cyanotic indeed, and the peculiar asphyxial position,
with legs apart, head extended, dilated nostrils and open mouth may be
very significant. These symptoms are likely to be modified or
supplemented before death, by those caused by intestinal or renal
disorder. In the thoracic form in young animals death by suffocation may
occur in a few hours, but more commonly the disease progresses slowly
and a fatal result is not reached until the fourth day or even the
eighth. This form is common in the deer, and less so in cattle.
In the _intestinal_ or _abdominal form_ the usual sudden onset and high
fever, are complicated by inappetence, tympany, rumbling of the bowels,
uneasy movements of the hind feet, perhaps twisting of the tail, looking
at the flanks, and even lying down and rising. There is frequent,
violent straining with the passage of fæces at first glazed, later
streaked with blood, or mixed with pseudo-membranous casts, and very
soon soft, watery, frothy and fœtid. These are usually black or reddish
black from contained blood.
The urine may also be blood-stained.
Before death, complications on the lungs or skin will often come in to
assist in diagnosis.
In the _chronic_ and _subacute types_ the lesions are often concentrated
on the lungs, and there are a moderate fever cough, hurried breathing
under exertion, dulness on percussion over limited pulmonary areas,
blowing sounds, mucous râles, crepitations and more or less
muco-purulent expectoration. These phenomena are all the more
significant if complicated by digestive disorders, costiveness, fœtid
mucous diarrhœa, tympany, or by the eruption of the superficial
swellings.
_Lesions._ The swellings on or _under the skin_ or among the _muscles_
show extensive straw-colored exudations, colored at points with blood,
with enlargement, infiltration and staining of the adjacent lymph
glands. On the chest walls the sero-sanguineous exudate may extend from
the root of the lungs, through the intercostal spaces to the skin in the
breast, the axilla and behind. The tongue is often enormously swollen
and black, charged with extensive blood extravasations in addition to
the yellowish exudate. Along its sides and on its lower surface, the
mucosa stands out in projecting masses of yellowish infiltration, which
may show equally on the fauces, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi.
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