The agricultural and forest products of British West AfricaDudgeon, Gerald C. (Gerald Cecil)
History
The agricultural and forest products of British West Africa
Dudgeon, Gerald C. (Gerald Cecil)
Agriculture -- Africa, West; Forest products -- Africa, West
The latex of Funtumia will remain in an uncoagulated state for
a longer time than that of Hevea, but it may become damaged
by fermentation if a quantity is kept in bulk for a lengthened
period. The native does not usually produce a pure Funtumia rubber,
but mixes with the latex the latices of several other plants, among
which may be named “Odum” (_Chlorophora excelsa_), “Osese”
(_Funtumia africana_), “Ofo,” “Okre,” “Sindru”
(_Conopharyngia crassa_ and _Alstonia sp._). Having mixed some of
these latices with that of the Funtumia, the whole is heated and
poured into a hole in the ground, which has been prepared to serve
as a mould. Coagulation and decomposition proceed together at a slow
rate, and finally produce a rubber containing a number of holes which
serve as receptacles for the liquefied decomposed constituents. The
rubber mass is black outwardly, but whitish within, and is more or
less sticky. It is said that the latex of _Landolphia owariensis_,
the vine from which “Krepi ball” rubber is made, is sometimes
mixed with the rest to hasten coagulation.
=Improved Methods.=—In 1906 attention was drawn to the use of a
plant called “Niama” in the Ivory Coast, by which Funtumia rubber
latex was coagulated by adding a hot decoction of the leaves. This
plant was subsequently found to be _Bauhinia reticulata_, which bears
the name of “Otakataka” in the Gold Coast. Experiments with this
afforded excellent results. An examination of the plant made at the
Imperial Institute proved that the tannin contained in the leaves was
responsible for the coagulation of the latex, and that the infusion
of any plant containing tannin is equally effective. The obstacle
to the general use of _B. reticulata_ for coagulation, is that the
plant does not occur in the same localities as the wild Funtumia
tree. Doubtless other tannin-yielding plants may be found in the
rubber forests which would answer the purpose equally well, among
them the pods of _Acacia arabica_. A simple method of coagulation,
which was demonstrated to the chiefs and rubber collectors in 1908,
is that of diluting the latex with about four or more times the
volume of water, straining and boiling it, when the rubber quickly
separates and can be collected from the surface of the water by
means of a stick and immediately pressed into a rough biscuit.
The rubber made in the manner mentioned above has been valued
at more than twice the price obtained for the adulterated stuff,
but it appears difficult to persuade the local merchants to offer
a higher price for it, and it therefore suits the rubber collector
better to make the inferior quality. So long as this state of things
continues, it is to be feared that instruction in the improvement
of quality will not lead to the adoption of better methods.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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