The Analogy of Religion to the Constitution and Course of Nature: To which are added two brief dissertations: I. On personal identity. II. On the nature of virtue. — John Shaqi
The Analogy of Religion to the Constitution and Course of Nature: To which are added two brief dissertations: I. On personal identity. II. On the nature of virtue.Butler, Joseph
Religion
The Analogy of Religion to the Constitution and Course of Nature: To which are added two brief dissertations: I. On personal identity. II. On the nature of virtue.
Butler, Joseph
Analogy (Religion); Apologetics -- Early works to 1800; Eschatology; Natural theology; Revelation
If all made up their minds with proper care and candor, there would be
no need of this chapter. But some do not try to understand what they
condemn; and our mode of argument is open to objections, especially in
the minds of those who judge without thinking. The chief objections
will therefore be considered. They are these:--it does not solve
difficulties in revelation to say that there are as great in natural
religion:--it will not make men religious to show them that it is
_as_ important as worldly prudence, for showing that, does not make
them prudent:--the justice of God in the system of religion, is not
proved by showing it is as apparent as in his natural providence:--no
reasoning from analogy can carry full conviction:--mankind will not
renounce present pleasures, for a religion which is not free from
doubt. To each of which a reply will now be given.
I. _As to requiring a solution of all difficulties._
=1.= This is but resolving to comprehend the nature of God, and
the whole plan of his government throughout eternity.
=2.= It is always right to argue from what is known, to what is
disputed. We are constantly so doing. The most eminent physician
does not understand all diseases, yet we do not despise what he
does know.
=3.= It is very important to find that objections against
revelation are just as strong, not only against natural religion,
but against the course of nature.
II. _As to men’s having as little reason for worldly pursuits, as they
have for being religious._
=1.= If men can be convinced that they have as much reason to be
religious as they have to practise worldly prudence, then _there
is_ a reason for being religious.
=2.= If religion proposes greater than worldly interests, and has
the same reasons for belief, then it has proportionally a greater
claim.
=3.= If religion being left doubtful, proves it to be false, then
doubts as to the success of any worldly pursuit show it to be
wrong. Yet we constantly act, even in the most important affairs,
without _certainty_ of being right.
III. _As to the justice and goodness of God in religion._
=1.= Our business is not to vindicate God, but to learn our duty,
governed as we are; which is a very different thing. It has been
shown that if we knew all things, present, past, and future, and
the relations of each thing to all other things, we might see to
be just and good what now do not seem so: and it is probable we
should.
=2.= We do not say that objections against God’s justice and
goodness are removed by showing the like objections against
natural providence, but that they are not _conclusive_, because
they apply equally to what we know to be facts.
=3.= The existence of objections does not destroy the evidence
of facts. The fact for instance that God rewards and punishes,
though men may think it unjust. Even necessity, plead for human
acts, does no more to abolish justice than it does injustice.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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