The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2) — John Shaqi
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
Narrow though the strip of volcanic material is along the south coast
of the Isle of Man, it has fortunately preserved for us some of the
vents from which the tuffs were ejected. A group of these vents, three
or four in number, may be traced along the shore in a general W.N.W.
and E.S.E. line from Scarlet Point for rather more than a mile. Their
margins are in some places exceedingly well defined. The most striking
example of this feature occurs in the most westerly vent, where a neck
of remarkably coarse volcanic agglomerate rises vertically through
well-bedded, westerly-dipping tuff (Fig. 187). In other portions of
their boundaries no sharp line can be drawn between the material
filling the vent and that of the surrounding tuffs. Hence it is
difficult to define precisely the form and size of the vents. I am
inclined to believe from this indefiniteness of outline, and from the
remarkable structure of the dykes, to which I shall afterwards refer,
that the presently visible parts of these necks must lie close to the
mouths of the original vents, if indeed they do not actually contain
parts of the craters and of their surrounding walls.
The materials that have filled up the eruptive vents consist
chiefly of agglomerate, but partly also of intrusive portions of
vesicular lava. The agglomerate is composed of similar materials to
the tuffs. Its matrix shows the same extraordinarily abundant fine
greenish-grey basic pumiceous lapilli, with the same kind of plentiful
loose felspar-crystals. The large blocks of lava, too, resemble in
composition and structure those of the bedded tuffs, but greatly exceed
them in size and abundance.
Besides the fragments of vesicular lava, there occur also occasional
blocks of limestone. Some of these are several yards in length.
Messrs. Strahan and Lamplugh have mapped a large mass of limestone
at the Scarlet vent, which, so far as can be observed, lies in the
agglomerate--a large cake of white limestone with pebbles of quartz,
which has probably been broken off from some underlying bed and carried
up in the chimney of the volcano.
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