The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2) — John Shaqi
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
I will conclude this account of the Manx Carboniferous volcanic rocks
with a brief reference to the intrusive masses which form a prominent
feature of the coast-line. From the picturesque headland of Scarlet
Point the broad dyke which forms that promontory may be traced for
some distance westwards. Several other parallel dykes run in the
same direction which, it will be observed, is also that of the chain
of vents. It might be said that the vents are, as it were, strung
together by a line of dykes. These eruptive masses traverse both the
agglomerates and the bedded tuffs. They probably belong, therefore,
to a comparatively late part of the volcanic history. That they are
truly intrusive and not lava-flows is, I think, clearly shown by their
vertical walls which descend through the surrounding rocks, and by
the greater closeness of their texture, as well as the diminution in
the size of their vesicles along the contact surfaces. But it must be
admitted that in their remarkably developed vesicular structure they
look more like streams of lava than ordinary dykes.
It is this structure which gives to these dykes their peculiar
interest. Bands of vesicles, from an inch or less to several inches in
breadth, run along the dykes parallel to the outer walls. Unlike the
familiar rows of little amygdaloidal cells in ordinary basalt dykes,
such as those of the Tertiary series in Scotland, these vesicles,
though small and pea-like in the narrower bands towards the margins of
the dykes, became so large, numerous, and irregular in the broader and
more central bands, that the rock passes there into a rough slag.
[Illustration: Fig. 189.--Section of dyke and sill in the tuffs west of
Scarlet Point, Isle of Man.]
While the intrusive material has for the most part risen in the form
of dykes, in one part of the coast-section, a little to the west
of Scarlet Point, it has been injected as a sill among the bedded
tuffs.[58] A section taken at this locality gives the structure
represented in Fig. 189. On the north side of the great dyke, the
strata of tuff which dip under it, roll over and support an outlying
sheet of the same material. The slaggy structure of parts of this sill
give it some resemblance to a true lava-flow. But it is the same
structure which can be seen in the dykes, while the closer grain along
the contact-surface further connects it with these intrusions.
[Footnote 58: It is this sheet which has been described as a
lava-stream.]
[Illustration:
Fig. 190.--Section on south side of vesicular sill west of Scarlet
Point.
]
[Illustration: Fig. 191.--Bands of vesicles in the same sill.]
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