The Angevins and the Charter (1154-1216): The Beginning of English Law, the Invasion of Ireland and the Crusades
History
The Angevins and the Charter (1154-1216): The Beginning of English Law, the Invasion of Ireland and the Crusades
Great Britain -- History -- Angevin period, 1154-1216 -- Sources; Magna Carta
The fall of Jerusalem was now impending: the victor advancing with speed
equal to his hatred, laid siege to the city, and erecting his machines,
with sacrilegious irreverence profaned all the holy places. There was a
certain cross of stone, which our soldiers formerly, when, after the
capture of Antioch, they had gloriously taken this city, had erected on
the wall in commemoration of the deed. The ferocious invaders destroyed
this cross with a blow from one of their machines, and at the same time
struck down a great part of the wall. The citizens interposed such
defences as they were able, but all the exertions of our men were
ineffectual: bows, balistas and slings were used to no purpose; both
arms and machines visibly declared that the Lord was wroth, and foretold
the fall of the city. A large number of people had flocked together to
the city from the neighbouring fortresses, trusting rather in the
sanctity of the place than in the strength of its defences; but in so
great a multitude hardly fourteen knights could be found. The priests
and clerks, although it was contrary to their profession, discharged the
duties of soldiers, according to the emergency, and fought bravely for
the Lord's house, bearing in mind the maxim, that to repel force by
force is allowed by all laws both human and divine. But the populace
alike ignorant and timorous, flocked in numbers round the patriarch and
the queen, who were left in charge of the city, bitterly complaining and
earnestly entreating that they might treat with the Sultan for peace, as
soon as possible. Their capitulation, however, was one to be deplored,
rather than praised: for each of them had to pay the ransom of his own
life; a man was valued at ten bezants, a woman at five, a child at one;
and whoever was unable to pay, was made a slave. It thus happened that
when many of them, either out of their own property, or by aids gathered
from other sources, had paid the price of their safety, there remained
14,000, who could not redeem themselves and were made slaves for life.
To those who purchased their liberty, the choice was given, either to
proceed to Antioch, or to be carried under safe-conduct to Alexandria,
and thence to cross the sea. That day was indeed a bitter day, on which
the exiles separated, each on his different road, and left that sacred
city, that city which had been the queen of cities, but which was now
reduced to slavery; that city which was the inheritance of its children,
but was now in the hands of strangers, on account of the wickedness of
those who dwelt therein.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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