SYPHONS.--The _simple syphon_ is a glass tube bent, at a little distance from the middle, into a form which is intermediate between those of ⋂ and ⋀, the legs being stretched apart like those of the latter, but the bend being rounded like that of the former. The tube is bent _near_ the middle, and _not exactly at_ the middle, in order that the legs may be of unequal lengths; an arrangement which is indispensable. Syphons are made of different lengths and diameters, for various purposes. They can be made of tubes so capillary that it is sufficient to put them into water to make them act: the liquid rises in them by capillary attraction, and does not require to be sucked through the tube, as it does when large syphons are employed. * * * * * WIRTEMBERG SYPHON.--This syphon is the same as the simple syphon, excepting that the two branches are of equal length, and are bent in U at both extremities. Pl. 3, fig. 22. * * * * * SYPHON WITH THREE BRANCHES.--This instrument is represented by pl. 2, fig. 19. Close a tube at one end and draw it out at the other; pierce it at some inches from the contracted extremity, and solder to the hole a little tube of which the other end has been closed with wax. Give the tube the bend necessary to constitute a syphon, and open the two branches. The soldering of the two tubes is facilitated by giving to the extremity of the little tube a bend which adapts it to be applied parallel to the large tube. When the syphon is desired to be well finished, the mouth-piece of the little tube must be bordered and widened, and a bulb must be blown near the mouth-piece. * * * * * SYPHON WITH JET OF WATER.--This instrument is represented by pl. 3, fig. 1. Take a tube of a large diameter, close it at one end, and draw it out at the other. Cut the contracted part in such a manner as to be able to introduce, through the orifice, the extremity, also drawn out, of another tube, which should be almost capillary. Solder these together in such a manner that the point of the small tube shall remain fixed about an inch within the interior of the reservoir. Pierce again the latter, at B, and solder there another branch of the same diameter as the former; but fix it in such a manner that its side shall be contiguous to the side of the reservoir. Finally, give to the branches the bend represented by the figure. * * * * * SPOONS.--Solder a bulb to the extremity of a capillary tube; open the bulb as for a funnel, but make the opening laterally. Cut with scissars the edges of the part blown open, and in such a manner as to form a spoon or a ladle, according as the bulb had the form of a sphere or an olive. This instrument is useful for taking small quantities of acids. Pl. 3, fig. 11. * * * * *