The Atlantic Telegraph (1865)Russell, William Howard, Sir
History
The Atlantic Telegraph (1865)
Russell, William Howard, Sir
Transatlantic cables
4. The insulation test will consist of 30 minutes’ electrification
of the Cable, commencing at the hour, and lasting till 30 minutes
past the hour. Readings of the galvanometer to be taken every
minute, commencing one minute after contact with the battery, the
battery to consist of 40 cells.
5. At 30 minutes past the hour signals will be received from the
shore for 10 minutes. Unless the ship wishes to communicate with
shore by special speaking instruments, in which case, instead of
receiving signals from the shore, ship will put on a C to E current
to oppose deflection on shore. Galvanometer to arrest shore
attention, and when joined, give the call as in paragraph 9: the
ordinary signals will be 5 reversals of 2 minutes each.
6. At 40 minutes, C of Cable will be taken to 10 minutes.
7. At 50 minutes signals will be sent to the shore, and for the
ordinary signals 5 reversals, 2 minutes each, commencing C to E.
8. Then a repetition of the same tests to be made and continued
without any interval.
9. In case it becomes necessary to speak to shore by speaking
instruments, the signal will be given at the 50 minutes, and at the
30 minutes, as in paragraph 5, by sending 8¼ minutes’ reversals,
commencing Z to E, and changing over to the speaking instruments,
on receiving acknowledgment of call from shore (which will be also
8¼ minutes’ reversals), communication or message to be sent, and
when acknowledgment of message and reply (if any) is received, then
the system of testing is to be resumed, as if no interruption had
taken place.
10. Every 50 nauts. of Cable payed-out will be signalled at the
same time (viz., at the 50 mins.), thus, instead of 5 reversals of
2 minutes, 10 reversals of 1 minute will be made commencing Z to E.
11. Every 50 nauts. distance run will be signalled to the shore;
the signal will be 2 reversals (commencing Z to E), each 2 minutes’
duration--2 reversals, each 1 minute’s duration, and 2 reversals,
each 2 minutes’ duration.
12. Should any defect in signals be perceived, or bad time kept,
notice will be given to the shore by signalling at the 50
minutes--thus, by giving 2 reversals of 5 minutes’ duration,
commencing Z to E.
13. In sounding, signal will be one current of 10 minutes’
duration, Z to E.
14. Land-in-sight signal will be likewise one current of 10
minutes’ duration, Z to E.
15. Greenwich time will be kept, but a column will be devoted in
journals and sheets to ship’s time.
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