The Chautauquan, Vol. 03, March 1883: A Monthly Magazine Devoted to the Promotion of True Culture.; Organ of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle.Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle
Religion
The Chautauquan, Vol. 03, March 1883: A Monthly Magazine Devoted to the Promotion of True Culture.; Organ of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle.
Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle
Chautauqua Institution -- Periodicals; Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle -- Periodicals
Among edifices now entirely illuminated by the Swan system may be
mentioned twenty-one steam vessels, including several war ships—the
_City of Rome_, an Anchor Liner, which is second only to the _Great
Eastern_ in point of size, and several passenger boats in the Cunard
and White Star Lines.
One of the greatest objections to gas as an indoor illuminant is the
fact that not only does it burn a large amount of the oxygen of the
air, but it also gives off during combustion carbonic acid gas and
other poisonous vapors, besides a great amount of heat, thus vitiating
the atmosphere. In public buildings where there is much gas burnt
and little ventilation, this is seen to advantage, the air becoming
in a short space of time hot and unwholesome. Now in the case of
the incandescent electric light, this is altogether altered, the
incandescent filament which produces the light, although in itself
enormously hot, is too small in point of size to radiate much heat,
and the fact of its being hermetically enclosed in a glass globe,
which is impervious to the atmosphere, entirely prevents the escape
of any noxious gases. The same circumstance prevents there being any
consumption of oxygen.
These facts make the electric light far more wholesome than gas for the
illumination of music-halls, churches, or other places of concourse. In
a recent trial in the Town Hall at Birmingham, the employment of gas
raised the temperature of the atmosphere thirty-eight degrees in three
hours, while the building was equally well lighted with electricity for
seven hours with a rise in temperature of only two degrees. Thus, after
a period of lighting by electricity 2.33 times as long as by gas, the
temperature at the ceiling was increased by only 1-19th of the amount
due to gas.
Another great advantage consequent to the employment of incandescent
lighting, is the greater immunity from accidental fire; for as the
carbon filament is instantly entirely consumed, the moment the glass
envelope is broken it is impossible for the lamp to ignite anything
in its vicinity however inflammable. The experiment has been tried of
breaking a lighted incandescent lamp in a vessel containing gunpowder,
with perfect safety. As these lamps may be placed in any position, they
lend themselves very readily to ornamental and decorative purposes. At
the recent electrical exhibition at the Crystal Palace a very beautiful
chandelier of Edison lamps was shown, in which the lamps, which were
of very small size, formed the petals of finely worked glass and brass
flowers. This chandelier had a really magnificent effect when lighted.
These and other facts too numerous to mention, demonstrate that
electricity, when properly applied, will be a far more elegant, safe,
and wholesome agent for illuminating purposes, than coal-gas as now
employed. But in order to have the full benefits of its use, a system
is required by which the electric current shall be produced and
conveyed to the lamps.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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