The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical DocumentsKirkland, Joseph
History
The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical Documents
Kirkland, Joseph
Chicago (Ill.) -- History; Fort Dearborn Massacre, Chicago, Ill., 1812
The order for evacuating the post was read next morning upon
parade. It is difficult to understand why Captain Heald, in such
an emergency, omitted the usual form of calling a council of war
with his officers. It can only be accounted for by the fact of a
want of harmonious feeling between himself and one of his junior
officers--Ensign Ronan, a high-spirited and somewhat overbearing, but
brave and generous young man.
A "council of war" between the captain and his two lieutenants and
(perhaps) the surgeon, to debate an unconditional order received from
the general commanding the division, does not strike the average reader
as an "usual form," nor does any disaffection on the part of the junior
among the officers seem likely to enter into the question, one way
or the other. But the suggestion throws a side-light on the unhappy
state of things at Fort Dearborn. It seems unquestionable that this
young ensign was not in accord with his captain, and that the Kinzies,
especially the young story-teller, Mrs. Helm (who was Mrs. Kinzie's
authority), sided with the junior--as was perhaps natural. To quote
from Munsell:
It becomes necessary here to call to mind the possible bias which
may have existed in the hearts of the narrators in handing down the
story to Mrs. Kinzie, the writer of Wau-Bun, who probably never saw
the principal actor in it, John Kinzie, behaving died two years
before her marriage with his son, John H. Kinzie. The latter was only
nine years old at the time of the massacre. His mother, however,
Mrs. Kinzie, she did know well, also his aunt, Mrs. Helm [John's
step-daughter], from whose lips the Wau-Bun account of the massacre
was taken down by her. It is quite certain that departure meant
ruin to John Kinzie; for of all the property he had accumulated
in his long, able, arduous and profitable business life, not a
handful could be carried away by land. And the event showed that he,
personally, had nothing to fear from the Indians.
Here is what Mrs. Heald says about these matters:
It is all false about any quarrel between Ronan and Captain Heald.
The ensign thought the world of the captain, and gave him a big book
with their two names written it. Among the property recovered after
the massacre was this book, which the Indians thought was the Bible.
They would pass their hands across the pages and point significantly
heavenward; but in fact the book was a dictionary and is still in
possession of the family, having been bound in buckskin to preserve
such part as has not already succumbed to the many vicissitudes.
Occasionally Indians would come and steal horses when the men were
some distance away cutting hay for the winter's supplies, and they
were apt to try to get the scalp of any white person against whom
they had any hard feeling.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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