The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French worksGower, John
General
The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French works
Gower, John
Poetry
He tells us that he is a man of simple tastes, that he does not care
to have ‘partridges, pheasants, plovers, and swans’ served up at his
table (26293 ff.); that he objects however to finding his simple joint
of meat stuck full of wooden skewers by the butcher, so that when he
comes to carve it he blunts the edge of his knife (26237 ff.). We
know moreover from the whole tone of his writings that he is a just
and upright man, who believes in the due subordination of the various
members of society to one another, and who will not allow himself to
be ruled in his own household either by his wife or his servants. He
thinks indeed that the patience of Socrates is much overstrained, and
openly declares that he shall not imitate it:
‘Qui ceste essample voet tenir
Avise soy; car sans mentir
Je ne serray si pacient.’ (4186 ff.)
But, though a thorough believer in the principle of gradation in human
society, he emphasizes constantly the equality of all men before God
and refuses absolutely to admit the accident of birth as constituting
any claim whatever to ‘gentilesce.’ The common descent of all from Adam
is as conclusive on this point for him as it was for John Ball (23389
ff.), and he is not less clear and sound on the subject of wealth.
Considering that his views of society are essentially the same as those
of Wycliff, and considering also his strong views about the corruption
of the Church and the misdeeds of the friars, it is curious to find how
strongly he denounces ‘lollardie’ in his later writings.
He has a just abhorrence of war, and draws a very clear-sighted
distinction between the debased chivalry of his day and the true ideal
of knighthood, the one moved only by impulses of vainglorious pride and
love of paramours,
‘Car d’orguil ou du foldelit,
Au jour present, sicomme l’en dist,
Chivalerie est maintenue.’ (23986 ff.)
and the other, set only on serving God and righting the wrong,
represented finely in the character of Prowess:
‘Il ad delit sanz fol amour,
Proufit sanz tricher son prochein,
Honour sanz orguillous atour.’ (15176 ff.)
Above all, our author has a deep sense of religion, and his study has
been much upon the Bible. He deeply believes in the moral government of
the world by Providence, and he feels sure, as others of his age also
did, that the world has almost reached its final stage of corruption.
Whatever others may do, he at least intends to repent of his sins and
prepare himself to render a good account of his stewardship.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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