The great basins between the highest points of the earth's surface are filled with water. These immense expanses form oceans, seas, lakes, rivers. The ocean bed is just as uneven as the dry portion of the earth's surface. The numerous islands are the mountains of the ocean bed, some of greater, others of lesser extent. 2. The fluid part of the terrestrial globe fills the hollow places of the solid portion of the earth's crust. These are the great and small depressions, or greater and smaller basins. 3. The earth's weight has always been the same, neither increased nor diminished. This includes both the solid and liquid part of this terrestrial globe. 4. The fluid portion of this terrestrial globe has neither increased nor diminished. It cannot, because the quantity of oxygen and hydrogen is limited to this earth. None can get away, and none can come to it. 5. Water may change its position, or state--split up into elements; make clouds, mist, hail, snow, or rain, or dew--but it ultimately returns to the great basin of water where it came from. 6. If water rises in any one locality beyond the ordinary sea level, water has diminished in some other locality. The quantity of water on the earth's surface has not increased, except in one locality. 7. Rain cannot fall over the whole surface of this earth at one time. 8. There is always daylight and sunshine, night and darkness, on this earth. 9. Heat and cold vary in the different parts of this earth. The atmosphere is different in the various parts of the earth's surface. There is a perpetual winter, summer, spring, or autumn in various parts on this globe. 10. The rays of the sun strike the various portions of the earth at different times. This variation in the direction of the sun's rays produces a corresponding variation in the intensity of the sun's heat and light at different places, and accounts for the difference between the torrid and the frigid regions, etc. 11. The atmosphere does not, and cannot, carry beyond a certain percentage of aqueous vapor. When it becomes overcharged the moisture must fall, in raindrops when the temperature is warm enough. 12. The sun's heat regulates the amount of aqueous vapor the atmosphere can carry in the form of clouds. When the atmosphere is fully saturated, rain must fall. 13. When the atmosphere is cool or cold, the raindrops congeal, and we have snow or hail. 14. There are regions on the earth where it never rains, probably never rained. The rainless region of Asia is of vast extent. It includes part of Tibet, the great desert of Gobi, and part of Mongolia--a space estimated to comprise about 2,000,000 square miles. There are other rainless regions on the face of the earth's surface. There is a great diversity in the yearly amount of rainfall; the highest is about 60 inches, the lowest 21 and less. 15. There is no great difference between the polar and equatorial diameter of the earth, the average number of miles being about 8,000.