[67] In 1849 New York required the masters of ships landing in New York City to report to the mayor what passengers were deaf, blind or insane. Laws, ch. 350. See also Laws, 1851, ch. 523; 1881, ch. 427. See Public Statutes of Massachusetts, 1882, p. 468. The present United States immigration laws do not directly exclude the deaf, but they have been thought at times to have been made to bear unduly upon them. [68] Code, 1911, Sec. 559. The application is to "proprietors of circuses and other migratory companies." [69] In a few states, as California and New York, attempts have been made to secure laws barring the deaf from licenses to run automobiles. Such measures, however, are to be regarded less as discrimination against the deaf than for the public safety. [70] Laws, 1776, ch. 20. [71] Laws, 1818, p. 342; 1840, p. 345; Code, 1911, Sec. 3089. [72] Laws, p. 128. [73] Laws, 1838, p. 40; 1841, p. 573. [74] Rev. Stat., 1883, ch. 142, Sec. 2. [75] Digest, 1894, Sec. 3571; 1904, Sec. 3760. [76] Stat., 1872, p. 672; Rev. Stat., 1909, Sec. 407. In Kansas by opinion of the attorney-general, the juvenile court laws do not apply to the deaf. [77] Gen. Stat., 1898, p. 2672. Abuse or ill-treatment of an inmate of a state institution for the deaf, the blind and other classes may be punished by fine or imprisonment. [78] Laws, 1908, p. 55. It is made a misdemeanor to abduct or kidnap inmates of "deaf and dumb and blind hospitals". [79] In several states there are provisions in regard to the employment of interpreters for the deaf. See Code of Georgia, 1911, Sec. 5864; Gen. Laws of Rhode Island, 1909, Sec. 3855. [80] Laws, p. 202. [81] Laws, ch. 76. [82] Laws, 1878, ch. 52; 1880, p. 20. [83] Laws, 1895, ch. 120; Ann. Code, 1896, Sec. 686. [84] Purdon's Digest, 1903, p. 5023. In Georgia persons deaf and blind are expressly permitted to make wills if properly scrutinized. Code, 1911, Sec. 3844. [85] See Laws of New Hampshire, 1895, ch. 131. This relief is here known as the "Granite State Mission". See also _Deaf-Mutes' Journal_, Feb. 9, 1911. [86] See Laws, 1896, p. 419; 1898, p. 212; 1900, p. 369. [87] This seems to have been begun in 1839, and continued nearly fifty years. See Laws, 1839, ch. 329; 1858, ch. 546; 1886, ch. 330. The sum of $100 was first granted to the _Radii_, and later appropriations to succeeding publications. [88] Laws, p. 330. The law was secured by the efforts of the deaf themselves. See _Deaf-Mutes' Journal_, May 22, 1913. [89] See Houst. Crim. Cas. (Del.), 291; 8 Jones L. (N. C.), 136; 14 Mass., 207. This last case was one of larceny. See also I. L. Peet, "Psychical Status and Criminal Responsibility of the Totally Uneducated Deaf and Dumb," 1872 (_Journal of Psychological Medicine_, Jan., 1872); _Annals_, xvii., 1872, p. 65. [90] 37 S. W. (Tex.), 440; 118 Mo., 127; 39 S. C., 318; 1 Den. (N. Y.), 19; 23 Col., 314; 3 N. M., 134.