PROBLEM I. _To find the Latitude and Longitude of any given Place upon the Globe; and on the contrary, the Latitude and Longitude being given, to find the Place._ 1. Turn the globe round its axis, ’till the given place lies exactly under the (Eastern side of the brass) meridian, then that degree upon the meridian, which is directly over it, is the _Latitude_; which is accordingly North or South, as it lies in the Northern or Southern hemisphere, the globe remaining in the same position. That degree upon the equator which is cut by the brazen meridian, is the _Longitude_ required from the first meridian upon the globe. If the longitude is counted both ways from the first meridian upon the globe, then we are to consider, whether the given place lies Easterly or Westerly from the first meridian, and the longitude must be expressed accordingly. The _Latitudes_ of the following places: and upon a globe where the longitude is reckoned both ways from the meridian of _London_, their longitudes will be found as follow: _Latitude._ _Longitude._ Deg. Deg. _Rome_ 41¾ North. 13 East. _Paris_ 48¾ N. 2½ E. _Mexico_ 20 N. 102 W. _Cape Horn_ 58 S. 80 W. 2. _The Latitude and Longitude being given to find the Place._ Seek for the given longitude in the equator, and bring that point to the meridian; then count from the equator on the meridian the degree of latitude given, towards the arctic and antarctic Pole, according as the latitude is Northerly or Southerly, and under that degree of latitude lies the _Place_ required. PROB. II. _To find the Difference of Latitude betwixt any two given Places._ Bring each of the places proposed successively to the meridian, and observe where they intersect it, then the number of degrees upon the meridian, contained between the two intersections, will be the _Difference of Latitude_ required. Or, if the places proposed are on the same side of the equator, having first found their latitudes, subtract the lesser from the greater; but if they are on contrary sides of the equator, add them both together, and the difference in the first case, and the sum in the latter, will be the difference of latitude required. Thus the difference of latitude betwixt _London_ and _Rome_ will be found to be 9¾ degrees; betwixt _Paris_ and _Cape Bona Esperance_ 83 degrees. PROB. III. _To find the Difference of Longitude betwixt any two given Places._ Bring each of the given places successively to the meridian, and see where the meridian cuts the equator each time; the number of degrees contained betwixt those two points, if it be less than 180 degrees, otherwise the remainder to 360 degrees, will be the difference of longitude required. Or,