The Effects of Cross & Self-Fertilisation in the Vegetable KingdomDarwin, Charles
Science
The Effects of Cross & Self-Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom
Darwin, Charles
Fertilization of plants; Plants -- Variation; Pollination
TABLE 2/18. Ratio of productiveness of crossed and self-fertilised
plants. Ipomoea purpurea.
FIRST GENERATION OF CROSSED AND SELF-FERTILISED PLANTS GROWING IN
COMPETITION WITH ONE ANOTHER.
Sixty-five capsules produced from flowers on five crossed plants
fertilised by pollen from a distinct plant, and fifty-five capsules
produced from flowers on five self-fertilised plants fertilised by their
own pollen, contained seeds in the proportion of : 100 to 93.
Fifty-six spontaneously self-fertilised capsules on the above five
crossed plants, and twenty-five spontaneously self-fertilised capsules
on the above five self-fertilised plants, yielded seeds in the
proportion of : 100 to 99.
Combining the total number of capsules produced by these plants, and the
average number of seeds in each, the above crossed and self-fertilised
plants yielded seeds in the proportion of : 100 to 64.
Other plants of this first generation grown under unfavourable
conditions and spontaneously self-fertilised, yielded seeds in the
proportion of : 100 to 45.
THIRD GENERATION OF CROSSED AND SELF-FERTILISED PLANTS.
Crossed capsules compared with self-fertilised capsules contained seeds
in the ratio of : 100 to 94.
An equal number of crossed and self-fertilised plants, both
spontaneously self-fertilised, produced capsules in the ratio of : 100
to 38.
And these capsules contained seeds in the ratio of : 100 to 94.
Combining these data, the productiveness of the crossed to the
self-fertilised plants, both spontaneously self-fertilised, was as : 100
to 35.
FOURTH GENERATION OF CROSSED AND SELF-FERTILISED PLANTS.
Capsules from flowers on the crossed plants fertilised by pollen from
another plant, and capsules from flowers on the self-fertilised plants
fertilised with their own pollen, contained seeds in the proportion of :
100 to 94.
FIFTH GENERATION OF CROSSED AND SELF-FERTILISED PLANTS.
The crossed plants produced spontaneously a vast number more pods (not
actually counted) than the self-fertilised, and these contained seeds in
the proportion of : 100 to 89.
NINTH GENERATION OF CROSSED AND SELF-FERTILISED PLANTS.
Fourteen crossed plants, spontaneously self-fertilised, and fourteen
self-fertilised plants spontaneously self-fertilised, yielded capsules
(the average number of seeds per capsule not having been ascertained) in
the proportion of : 100 to 26.
PLANTS DERIVED FROM A CROSSED WITH A FRESH STOCK COMPARED WITH
INTERCROSSED PLANTS.
The offspring of intercrossed plants of the ninth generation, crossed by
a fresh stock, compared with plants of the same stock intercrossed
during ten generations, both sets of plants left uncovered and naturally
fertilised, produced capsules by weight as : 100 to 51.
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