The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 01 (of 11)Hobbes, Thomas
Philosophy
The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 01 (of 11)
Hobbes, Thomas
Philosophy, English -- 17th century
3. As a body leaves a phantasm of its magnitude in the mind, so also a
moved body leaves a phantasm of its motion, namely, an idea of that body
passing out of one space into another by continual succession. And this
idea, or phantasm, is that, which (without receding much from the common
opinion, or from _Aristotle's_ definition) I call _Time_. For seeing all
men confess a year to be time, and yet do not think a year to be the
accident or affection of any body, they must needs confess it to be, not
in the things without us, but only in the thought of the mind. So when
they speak of the times of their predecessors, they do not think after
their predecessors are gone, that their times can be any where else than
in the memory of those that remember them. And as for those that say,
days, years, and months are the motions of the sun and moon, seeing it
is all one to say, motion _past_ and motion _destroyed_, and that
_future_ motion is the same with motion which _is not yet begun_, they
say that, which they do not mean, that there neither is, nor has been,
nor shall be any time: for of whatsoever it may be said, _it has been_
or _it shall be_, of the same also it might have been said heretofore,
or may be said hereafter, _it is_. What then can days, months, and
years, be, but the names of such computations made in our mind? _Time_
therefore is a phantasm, but a phantasm of motion, for if we would know
by what moments time passes away, we make use of some motion or other,
as of the sun, of a clock, of the sand in an hour-glass, or we mark some
line upon which we imagine something to be moved, there being no other
means by which we can take notice of any time at all. And yet, when I
say _time_ is a phantasm of motion, I do not say this is sufficient to
define it by; for this word _time_ comprehends the notion of _former_
and _latter_, or of _succession_ in the motion of a body, in as much as
it is first _here_ then _there_. Wherefore a complete definition of
_time_ is such as this, TIME _is the phantasm of before and after in
motion_; which agrees with this definition of _Aristotle_, _time is the
number of motion according to former and latter_; for that numbering is
an act of the mind; and therefore it is all one to say, _time is the
number of motion according to former and latter_; and _time is a
phantasm of motion numbered_. But that other definition, _time is the
measure of motion_, is not so exact, for we measure time by motion and
not motion by time.
[Sidenote: Part.]
4. One space is called _part_ of another space, and one time _part_ of
another time, when this contains that and something besides. From whence
it may be collected, that nothing can rightly be called a PART, but that
which is compared with something that contains it.
[Sidenote: Division.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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