The Epidemics of the Middle AgesHecker, J. F. C. (Justus Friedrich Carl)
History
The Epidemics of the Middle Ages
Hecker, J. F. C. (Justus Friedrich Carl)
Black Death; Epidemics -- History; Hysteria, Epidemic
“We are of opinion, that the constellations, with the aid of Nature,
strive, by virtue of their divine might, to protect and heal the human
race; and to this end, in union with the rays of the sun, acting
through the power of fire, endeavour to break through the mist.
Accordingly, within the next ten days, and until the 17th of the
ensuing month of July, this mist will be converted into a stinking
deleterious rain, whereby the air will be much purified. Now, as soon
as this rain shall announce itself, by thunder or hail, every one of
you should protect himself from the air; and, as well before as after
the rain, kindle a large fire of vine-wood, green laurel, or other
green wood; wormwood and chamomile should also be burnt in great
quantity in the market-places, in other densely inhabited localities,
and in the houses. Until the earth is again completely dry, and for
three days afterwards, no one ought to go abroad in the fields. During
this time the diet should be simple, and people should be cautious
in avoiding exposure in the cool of the evening, at night, and in
the morning. Poultry and water-fowl, young pork, old beef, and fat
meat, in general, should not be eaten; but on the contrary, meat of
a proper age, of a warm and dry, but on no account of a heating and
exciting nature. Broth should be taken, seasoned with ground pepper,
ginger and cloves, especially by those who are accustomed to live
temperately, and are yet choice in their diet. Sleep in the day-time
is detrimental; it should be taken at night until sunrise, or somewhat
longer. At breakfast, one should drink little; supper should be taken
an hour before sunset, when more may be drunk than in the morning.
Clear light wine, mixed with a fifth or sixth part of water, should
be used as a beverage. Dried or fresh fruits, with wine, are not
injurious; but highly so without it. Beet-root and other vegetables,
whether eaten pickled or fresh, are hurtful; on the contrary, spicy
pot-herbs, as sage or rosemary, are wholesome. Cold, moist, watery
food is in general prejudicial. Going out at night, and even until
three o’clock in the morning, is dangerous, on account of the dew. Only
small river fish should be used. Too much exercise is hurtful. The body
should be kept warmer than usual, and thus protected from moisture
and cold. Rain-water must not be employed in cooking, and every one
should guard against exposure to wet weather. If it rain, a little fine
treacle should be taken after dinner. Fat people should not sit in the
sunshine. Good clear wine should be selected and drunk often, but in
small quantities, by day. Olive oil as an article of food, is fatal.
Equally injurious are fasting and excessive abstemiousness, anxiety
of mind, anger, and immoderate drinking. Young people, in autumn
especially, must abstain from all these things, if they do not wish to
run a risk of dying of dysentery. In order to keep the body properly
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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