The Floors of the Ocean: 1. The North Atlantic: Text to accompany the physiographic diagram of the North AtlanticHeezen, Bruce C.
Science
The Floors of the Ocean: 1. The North Atlantic: Text to accompany the physiographic diagram of the North Atlantic
Heezen, Bruce C.
Ocean bottom
The Esso Hatteras Light No. 1 test encountered crystalline rock at
1640 fathoms depth, beneath Lower Cretaceous strata (Spangler, 1950).
The several holes drilled in the vicinity revealed remarkably constant
dips over a wide area. This is in fact true of the whole coastal plain.
Since the Hatteras well is only 17 miles from the continental slope,
it seems reasonable to project the dips to the continental slope.
We can then observe whether prominent benches on the continental
slope correlate with resistant strata in the well. We find (Fig.
22) that they do. In the area between Cape Hatteras and Nova Scotia
several cores have revealed reworked Eocene, Miocene, and Cretaceous
Foraminifera. In 1947 Northrop and Heezen (1951) obtained a photograph
and a core at 500 fathoms on the continental slope. The core contained
Eocene (Jackson) sediments, and the photograph showed a rock ledge
below the marl sampled. Although sediment cores, particularly those of
reworked material, do not provide as reliable information as dredge
hauls, this outcrop of un-reworked Eocene may also be used in dating
the structural benches of the continental slope.
The structural benches between Cape Hatteras and Cape May are
remarkably uniform and persistent (Fig. 23). On the basis of the
extrapolation shown in Figure 22, the structural benches in this area
have been correlated with the formations encountered in the Hatteras
well. North of Cape May a major angular unconformity separates the late
Tertiary and Cretaceous formations. Eocene has not been found north of
Nantucket. Upper Cretaceous has been found at about 400 fathoms off
Georges Bank (Fig. 21), and Lower Cretaceous has been dredged at 200
fathoms off Banquereau Bank, Nova Scotia.
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