The Floors of the Ocean: 1. The North Atlantic: Text to accompany the physiographic diagram of the North AtlanticHeezen, Bruce C.
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The Floors of the Ocean: 1. The North Atlantic: Text to accompany the physiographic diagram of the North Atlantic
Heezen, Bruce C.
Ocean bottom
Seismic-refraction profiles have been made across the continental slope
southwest from the English Channel. These studies were initiated by
Bullard and Gaskell (1941) and have been most recently reported on by
Day _et al._ (1956). The seismic section of Day _et al._ (1956) (Fig.
24) suggests that the prominent bench at 1600 fathoms and the short
but steep scarp just below represent the outcrop of the metamorphic
basement on the continental slope. It is postulated that the prominent
bench at 900 fathoms may represent the base of the Mesozoic, and
the smaller bench at 300 fathoms the base of the Miocene. Tertiary
sediments have been obtained from the walls of canyons in the Bay of
Biscay in depths down to about 1500 fathoms (Bourcart and Marie, 1951).
The age assignments in Figure 24 are taken directly from Day _et al._
(1956) and have not been confirmed by dredging on the continental slope.
The writers conclude that the majority of the topographic benches of
the continental slope and other category II provinces are structural
benches which reflect the outcrop of resistant rock layers. This of
course implies that the continental slope is not a simple depositional
feature but a structural or erosional one. Since the structural benches
are present both in the canyons and on the un-dissected slope, the
occurrence of Tertiary and Cretaceous rocks on the continental slope
cannot be explained by erosion of submarine canyons into an otherwise
depositional terrace in the manner implied by Stetson (1949).
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