Sugar and salt are excellent examples of the sapid, readily diffusible
condiment so essential to our table, yet so invariably used to excess.
We need about two teaspoonfuls of common salt a day--especially
those who enjoy the vegetarian diet. Most vegetables are rich in
potassium. This inorganic substance combines with sodium chloride, and
is eliminated from the body. Consequently, the greater the amount of
potassium in our food, the greater will be the loss of sodium chloride
from the blood and the tissues, where it is an essential element, with
the resultant need of an increased supply in our diet. Where there is
an insufficient use of salt, there is a manifest disinclination to
partake of the large variety of earth's products rich in potassium. But
we are accustomed to the use of far more salt with our food than is
necessary; and in excess, it is positively harmful, and the results of
its use are serious.
Sugar is a pure carbohydrate; yet, by reason of its nature and use,
it must be classed as a condiment. It, too, when used freely, brings
on gastrointestinal catarrh through its direct irritant action, and
affords unexcelled media for the growth of intestinal flora.
_Stimulants_
There are practically four strong stimulants to which civilized people
are addicted; namely, alcohol, tobacco, tea, and coffee. Of the action
of all, it may be said that the fatigue of nerve and brain is soothed
by a spur. That is the work of a stimulant,--to goad the worn system to
added effort, to produce an abnormal, false energy. Thus the individual
is led on to a state of actual exhaustion without a warning note from
his fatigued system. His energy is actually dissipated rather than
increased. The results are shown in his heart, his nervous system, and
his eliminative organs. Admiral Peary, speaking of the use of coffee
in the rations of polar explorers, states that with the added effect
of intense cold, it so stimulates the nerves as to cause the men to
exhaust themselves, and soon wear out, by doing more than they can
endure.
The actual extent of injury from the moderate use of tea and coffee has
not been scientifically determined. The difficulty is, as Irving Fisher
states it, "Sensitive people do not keep moderate." A little unnatural
stimulation calls for a little more, and the tendency is to create a
demand for something stronger. Fisher has truthfully declared that to
abstain is much easier than to be moderate.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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