The Geologic Story of Canyonlands National ParkLohman, Stanley William
Science
The Geologic Story of Canyonlands National Park
Lohman, Stanley William
Canyonlands National Park (Utah) -- Guidebooks; Geology -- Utah -- Canyonlands National Park -- Guidebooks
[Illustration: WHITE RIM SANDSTONE in north wall of Range Canyon,
south of Elaterite Basin. Bed thins from 230 feet at left (west) to
38 feet at right (east), and disappears (by facies change into red
shales) a short distance farther east. See description in text of
pinch out of Hoskinnini Tongue. Bed at top of mesa is Moss Back
Member of Chinle Formation. Photograph by Donald L. Baars. (Fig.
35)]
[Illustration: THE DOLL HOUSE, eroded from Cedar Mesa Sandstone just
west of Spanish Bottom, above Cataract Canyon. Notice the red layer
at right offset by a fault. Photograph by Parker Hamilton,
Flagstaff, Ariz. (Fig. 36)]
The Needles district
The Needles district is currently (1973) the most highly developed part
of the unfinished park as the result of design, not accident, for this
district includes the greatest number and widest variety of spectacular
features—The Needles proper, The Grabens (pronounced gräbǝns), colossal
arches and other erosional forms, large meadows such as Squaw Flat and
Chesler and Virginia Parks, a wide variety of prehistoric ruins and
pictographs, and Confluence Overlook for viewing the joining of two
mighty rivers—the Green and the Colorado. Like the White Rim and The
Maze, the Needles district is another of the broad benchlands about
midway between the high mesas and the deep canyons.
Utah Highway 211, as mentioned already, is a 38-mile-long paved road
leading to the Needles district from U.S. Highway 163 at a point 15
miles north of Monticello and 18 miles south of La Sal Junction. The
intersection is well marked by Church Rock (fig. 37), a butte of the
Entrada Sandstone. Highway 211 gradually climbs an eastward-dipping
slope of the Navajo Sandstone dotted with a few buttes and patches of
the Entrada Sandstone, such as Church Rock, and reaches the first of two
summits 3 miles west of Highway 163. The road crosses a broad gentle
valley in the Navajo Sandstone, reaches the second summit about 10 miles
from the highway, then descends steeply through the Navajo Sandstone and
part of the Kayenta Formation to Indian Creek, 1½ miles below, and
follows this creek nearly to The Needles. Half a mile down the canyon
takes us to the top of the cliff-forming Wingate Sandstone, and another
half mile brings us to Indian Creek State Park and its striking
Newspaper Rock (fig. 5). Another 1¾ miles takes us to the base of the
Wingate and top of the underlying Chinle Formation, which forms the red
slope beneath the cliffs.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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