The German Terror in Belgium: An Historical RecordToynbee, Arnold
History
The German Terror in Belgium: An Historical Record
Toynbee, Arnold
Belgium -- History -- German occupation, 1914-1918; World War, 1914-1918 -- Atrocities
“I myself know,” declares a Belgian witness,[205] “that the Germans
fired on one another on August 25th. On that day, at about 8.0 p.m.,
I was in the _Rue de Bruxelles_ at Louvain. I was hidden in a house.
There was one party of German soldiers at one end of the street firing
on another party at the other end. I could see that this happened
myself. On the next day I spoke to a German soldier called Hermann
Otto--he was a private in a Bavarian regiment. He told me that he
himself was in the _Rue de Bruxelles_ the evening before, and that the
two parties firing on one another were Bavarians and Poles, he being
among the Bavarians....”
The Poles openly blamed the Bavarians for the error. A wounded Polish
Catholic, who was brought in during the night to the Dominican
Monastery in the _Rue Juste-Lipse_, told the monks that “he had been
wounded by a German bullet in an exchange of shots between two groups
of German soldiers.”[206] On the Thursday following, a wounded Polish
soldier was lying in the hospital of the Sisters of Mary at Wesemael,
and, seeing German troops patrolling the road between Wesemael and
Louvain, exclaimed to one of the nuns: “These drunken pigs fired on
us.”[207]
The casualties inflicted by the Germans on each other do not, however,
appear to have been heavy. One German witness[208] saw “two dead
transport horses and several dead soldiers” lying in the _Place du
Peuple_. Another[209] saw a soldier lying near the _Juste-Lipse
Monument_ who had been killed by a shot through the mouth. But most
express astonishment at the lightness of the losses caused by so heavy
a fire. “It is really a miracle,” said a German military doctor to
a Belgian Professor in the course of the night,[210] “that not one
soldier has been wounded by this violent fusillade.”--“A murderous
fire,” states the surgeon of the Second Neuss Landsturm Battalion,[211]
“was directed against us from _Rue de la Station_, _No. 120_. The fact
that we or some of us were not killed I can merely explain by the fact
that we were going along the same side of the street from which the
shots were fired, and that it was night.”--“A tremendous fire,” states
Major von Manteuffel, the Etappen-Kommandant,[212] “was opened from
the houses surrounding the _Grand’ Place_, which was now filled with
artillery (one battery), and with transport columns, motor-lorries and
tanks of benzine.... I believe there were three men wounded, chiefly
in the legs.” General von Boehn, commanding the Ninth Reserve Army
Corps, estimates[213] that the total loss, in killed, wounded, and
missing, of his General Command Staff, which was stationed in the
_Place du Peuple_, “amounts to 5 officers, 2 officials, 23 men, and 95
horses.”--“I note that the inhabitants fired far too high,” states a
N.C.O. of the Landsturm Company drawn up in the _Station Square_.[214]
“That was our good luck, because otherwise, considering the fearful
fire which was directed against us from all the houses in the _Station
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